Pak J Biol Sci. 2020 Jan;23(11):1380-1389. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2020.1380.1389.
The use of aromatic and herbal plants as a feed additive became a new trend in feeding dairy cows to enhance animal productivity. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of adding some herbal and aromatic plants (Melissa, Fennel and Caraway) at 0.7% of total DM of rations.
Three herbal plants were evaluated in this study (melissa, fennel and caraway) by using thirteen Holstein Friesian cows. Cows were in 3rd and 5th lactation seasons were used as one experimental group by swing over design in lactation experiment (control then T1 then T2 then T3 then control). Nutrients digestibility, milk production, milk composition and blood constituents were determined.
Data indicated that nutrients digestibility and nutritive value were improved with herbal plants addition, especially with caraway treatment which recorded significantly (p>0.05) the highest values. In the same trend, Actual milk yield, 4% FCM and fat content were significantly (p>0.05) increased when cows fed rations supplemented with fennel and caraway. The addition of melissa decreased the concentration of Total Saturated Fatty Acids (TSFA) in the milk. Normal ranges for blood parameters with no negative impact on animal health were observed with experimental rations.
It could be concluded that caraway addition at 0.7% of the total dry matter of dairy rations, has a great potential to improve animal productivity and enhance the quality of milk fatty acids profile.
在奶牛饲养中使用芳香草本植物作为饲料添加剂以提高动物生产性能已成为一种新趋势。本研究旨在评估在日粮干物质中添加 0.7%的某些草药和芳香植物（柠檬香脂、茴香和葛缕子）对奶牛的影响。
本研究评估了三种草药（柠檬香脂、茴香和葛缕子），使用了 13 头荷斯坦奶牛。采用泌乳试验的摆动设计，将处于第 3 和第 5 泌乳期的奶牛作为一个实验组（对照-然后 T1-然后 T2-然后 T3-然后对照）。测定了养分消化率、产奶量、乳成分和血液成分。
数据表明，添加草药可以提高养分消化率和营养价值，特别是添加葛缕子可以显著（p>0.05）提高各项指标。同样，添加茴香和葛缕子的日粮可以显著（p>0.05）提高实际产奶量、4%FCM 和脂肪含量。添加柠檬香脂可以降低乳中总饱和脂肪酸（TSFA）的浓度。实验日粮对动物健康没有负面影响，血液参数在正常范围内。
可以得出结论，在奶牛日粮的干物质中添加 0.7%的葛缕子，具有提高动物生产性能和改善乳脂肪酸组成的巨大潜力。
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