Pak J Biol Sci. 2020 Jan;23(11):1408-1415. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2020.1408.1415.
The phytophagous insects select their host plants according to plant tissue nutritional quality. Thus, the objective of this study was to correlate the direct and indirect effects of phosphate fertilization on the nutritional status of the soybean crop and its relationship with the occurrence of insect pests.
The effect of phosphate fertilization on soybean was evaluated using two phosphate sources, Single Superphosphate (SSP) and Monoammonium Phosphate (MAP), applied at five rates of P2O5. A sampling of insects initiated from stage V5 and was done weekly. Leaves were collected for nutrient analysis stage R1, in stage R9 was harvest was carried out. SSP or MAP phosphate fertilization in soybean affected the incidence of Chrysodeixis includens, Helicoverpa armigera, Elasmopalpus lignosellus and Euschistus heros.
The plants treated with MAP had the infestation reduced compared with plants treated with SSP. Higher contents of Cu and Fe in the leaf reduces the incidence of insect-pests, whereas the opposite occurred with Mn. The occurrence of E. lignosellus reduced soybean yield.
Therefore, the source and rates of phosphorus in soybean fertilization change the concentration of macro and micronutrients in the leaves and affect the behavior and incidence of pest species.
植食性昆虫根据植物组织的营养质量选择其寄主植物。因此，本研究的目的是关联磷肥对大豆作物营养状况的直接和间接影响及其与虫害发生的关系。
采用两种磷肥来源，过磷酸钙（SSP）和磷酸一铵（MAP），以五氧化二磷（P2O5）的五个用量对大豆进行了磷肥效应评估。从 V5 期开始对昆虫进行取样，每周进行一次。在 R1 期采集叶片进行养分分析，在 R9 期进行收获。大豆中 SSP 或 MAP 磷酸盐施肥会影响美洲斑潜蝇、棉铃虫、豆荚螟和美洲芫菁的发生。
与 SSP 处理的植株相比，用 MAP 处理的植株的虫害减少。叶片中 Cu 和 Fe 含量较高会降低虫害的发生，而 Mn 则相反。E. lignosellus 的发生会降低大豆的产量。
因此，大豆施肥中磷的来源和用量会改变叶片中大量和微量元素的浓度，并影响害虫种类的行为和发生。
