Department of Social Welfare, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 3250 Public Affairs Building, Box 951656, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1656.
Department of Psychiatry, UCLA.
Soc Work. 2020 Oct 10;65(4):387-396. doi: 10.1093/sw/swaa040.
Historically, youths who are affected by commercial sexual exploitation (CSE) in the United States have been implicated as perpetrators of crime and overrepresented in the juvenile justice system. As an intriguing example of the "smart decarceration" social work grand challenge, policy and practice initiatives have converged to decriminalize cisgender girls and young women experiencing CSE by reframing them as victims of exploitation rather than as criminals. To date, these efforts have largely focused on gender-specific programming for cisgender girls and young women. In this article, the authors describe how federal, state, and local policy and practice innovations have supported reframing CSE as a form of child maltreatment and rerouted girls and young women from the juvenile justice system to specialized services. Using Los Angeles County as a case example, the authors detail how innovative prevention, intervention, and aftercare programs can serve as models of smart decarceration for CSE-affected cisgender girls and young women with the potential to address the needs of youths with diverse gender and sexual identities.
从历史上看，受商业性剥削影响的美国年轻人被认为是犯罪的实施者，并在少年司法系统中所占比例过高。作为“智能去监禁化”社会工作重大挑战的一个有趣例子，政策和实践举措已经趋同，将经历商业性性剥削的跨性别女孩和年轻女性重新定义为被剥削的受害者，而不是罪犯。迄今为止，这些努力主要集中在为跨性别女孩和年轻女性提供性别特定的方案。在本文中，作者描述了联邦、州和地方政策和实践创新如何支持将商业性性剥削重新定义为一种形式的儿童虐待，并将女孩和年轻女性从少年司法系统重新引导到专门服务。以洛杉矶县为例，作者详细介绍了创新的预防、干预和后续护理方案如何成为受商业性性剥削影响的跨性别女孩和年轻女性智能去监禁化的模式，这些方案有可能满足具有不同性别和性身份的年轻人的需求。
