甲状腺眼病导致的视神经病变和复视：发病机制和治疗的最新进展。
Optic neuropathy and diplopia from thyroid eye disease: update on pathophysiology and treatment.
机构信息
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary UIC.
Department of Neurology, PGY2, University of Illinois at Chicago.
出版信息
Curr Opin Neurol. 2021 Feb 1;34(1):116-121. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000894.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Thyroid eye disease (TED) is a disfiguring disease that can lead to neuro-ophthalmic manifestations including diplopia and optic neuropathy. The aim of this review is to shed light on the diagnosis of TED based on clinical examination findings and diagnostic imaging. We will also discuss gold standard as well as newly emerging therapies for TED.
RECENT FINDINGS
We discussed diagnostic criteria for TED and differentiating TED from other causes of binocular diplopia. We also reviewed the pathophysiology and differential diagnoses for dysthyroid optic neuropathy as well as recent developments on controversial causes. New imaging techniques are available for evaluation and prognosis of TED comorbidities. Most of the recent developments in TED have been focused on new treatment modalities that have thus far had promising results. We reviewed recently approved and novel potential therapies that are helpful in treating both diplopia and dysthyroid optic neuropathy.
SUMMARY
TED is a complicated disorder with many clinical manifestations as well as treatment modalities. Our aim of this review was to outline new developments in the diagnosis and management of TED.
目的综述
甲状腺眼病（TED）是一种会导致容貌损毁的疾病，可引起包括复视和视神经病变在内的神经眼科表现。本篇综述旨在根据临床检查结果和诊断性影像学来阐明 TED 的诊断。我们还将讨论 TED 的金标准治疗方法以及新出现的治疗方法。
最近的发现
我们讨论了 TED 的诊断标准，以及 TED 与其他导致双眼复视原因的鉴别诊断。我们还综述了甲状腺功能亢进性视神经病变的病理生理学和鉴别诊断，以及有争议病因的最新进展。目前已有多种新的成像技术可用于评估和预测 TED 合并症。TED 的最新进展主要集中在新的治疗方法上，迄今为止这些方法取得了有前景的结果。我们综述了最近批准的以及具有治疗复视和甲状腺功能亢进性视神经病变潜力的新型潜在疗法。
总结
TED 是一种复杂的疾病，具有多种临床表现和治疗方式。我们撰写这篇综述的目的是概述 TED 的诊断和管理方面的新进展。
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