Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, California.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
J Strength Cond Res. 2021 Feb 1;35(2):404-410. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003848.
Barrack, MT, Fredericson, M, Dizon, F, Tenforde, AS, Kim, BY, Kraus, E, Kussman, A, Singh, S, and Nattiv, A. Dietary supplement use according to sex and Triad risk factors in collegiate endurance runners. J Strength Cond Res 35(2): 404-410, 2021-This cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence in the use of dietary supplements among elite collegiate runners among 2 NCAA Division I cross-country teams. At the start of each season from 2015 to 2017, male and female endurance runners were recruited to complete baseline study measures; the final sample included 135 (male n = 65, female n = 70) runners. Runners completed a health survey, web-based nutrition survey, and Triad risk assessment. The prevalence of dietary supplement use and Triad risk factors, including disordered eating, low bone mass, amenorrhea (in women), low body mass index, and stress fracture history, was assessed. A total of 78.5% (n = 106) runners reported taking 1 or more supplements on ≥4 days per week over the past month, 48% (n = 65) reported use of ≥3 supplements. Products used with highest frequency included multivitamin/minerals 46.7% (n = 63), iron 46.7% (n = 63), vitamin D 34.1% (n = 46), and calcium 33.3% (n = 45). More women, compared with men, used iron (61.4 vs. 30.8%, p < 0.001) and calcium (41.4 vs. 24.6%, p = 0.04); men exhibited higher use of amino acids and beta-alanine (6.2 vs. 0%, p = 0.04). Runners with bone stress injury (BSI) history, vs. no previous BSI, reported more frequent use of ≥3 supplements (61.5 vs. 32.8%, p = 0.001), vitamin D (49.2 vs. 19.4%, p < 0.001), and calcium (47.7 vs. 19.4%, p = 0.001). Low bone mineral density was also associated with higher use of vitamin D and calcium. Most runners reported regular use of 1 or more supplements, with patterns of use varying based on sex, history of BSI, and bone mass.
巴拉克、弗雷德里克森、迪松、特恩福德、金、克劳斯、库斯曼、辛格和纳蒂夫。根据 NCAA 一级越野队的 2 个团队中精英大学生长跑运动员的性别和三联症风险因素，评估使用膳食补充剂的流行率。在 2015 年至 2017 年的每个赛季开始时，招募男性和女性耐力运动员完成基线研究措施；最终样本包括 135 名（男性 n = 65，女性 n = 70）运动员。运动员完成了健康调查、基于网络的营养调查和三联症风险评估。评估了膳食补充剂的使用和三联症风险因素的流行率，包括饮食失调、低骨量、闭经（女性）、低体重指数和应力性骨折史。共有 78.5%（n = 106）的运动员报告在过去一个月中每天至少 4 天服用 1 种或多种补充剂，48%（n = 65）报告使用≥3 种补充剂。使用频率最高的产品包括多种维生素/矿物质 46.7%（n = 63）、铁 46.7%（n = 63）、维生素 D 34.1%（n = 46）和钙 33.3%（n = 45）。与男性相比，更多的女性使用铁（61.4%比 30.8%，p < 0.001）和钙（41.4%比 24.6%，p = 0.04）；男性表现出更高的使用氨基酸和β-丙氨酸（6.2%比 0%，p = 0.04）。与没有既往 BSI 的运动员相比，有骨应激损伤（BSI）病史的运动员报告更频繁地使用≥3 种补充剂（61.5%比 32.8%，p = 0.001）、维生素 D（49.2%比 19.4%，p < 0.001）和钙（47.7%比 19.4%，p = 0.001）。低骨矿物质密度也与更高的维生素 D 和钙使用有关。大多数运动员报告定期使用 1 种或多种补充剂，使用模式根据性别、BSI 史和骨量而有所不同。
