Haghighi Mahdi Montazer, Kakhki Erfan Ghani, Sato Christine, Ghani Mahdi, Rogaeva Ekaterina
Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
DisorDATA Analytics, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Neurosci Insights. 2020 Nov 22;15:2633105520975743. doi: 10.1177/2633105520975743. eCollection 2020.
We reviewed factors that might influence COVID-19 outcomes (eg, neurological symptoms), including the link to Alzheimer's disease. Since the virus triggers COVID-19 infection through binding to ACE2, we focused on the gene family, including . Both ACE2 and ACE are involved in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). In general, ACE causes inflammation and vasoconstriction, while ACE2 leads to anti-inflammation activity and vasodilation. The disturbed balance between these counter-regulatory pathways could influence susceptibility to COVID-19. Notably, dysregulation of the RAS-equilibrium contributes to Alzheimer's disease. Differences in the incidence and symptoms of COVID-19 in diverse populations could be attributed to variability in the human genome. For example, and variations could modify the outcome of COVID-19 in different populations. It would be important to conduct genome-wide studies to detect variants influencing COVID-19 presentation, with a special focus on variants affecting immune-related pathways and expression of RAS-related genes.
我们回顾了可能影响新冠病毒疾病（COVID-19）预后的因素（如神经症状），包括与阿尔茨海默病的关联。由于该病毒通过与血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2）结合引发COVID-19感染，我们重点关注了 基因家族，包括 。ACE2和血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）都参与肾素-血管紧张素系统（RAS）。一般来说，ACE会引发炎症和血管收缩，而ACE2则会导致抗炎活性和血管舒张。这些相互调节途径之间的平衡失调可能会影响对COVID-19的易感性。值得注意的是，RAS平衡的失调会导致阿尔茨海默病。不同人群中COVID-19发病率和症状的差异可能归因于人类基因组的变异性。例如， 和 变异可能会改变不同人群中COVID-19的预后。开展全基因组研究以检测影响COVID-19表现的变异，特别关注影响免疫相关途径和RAS相关基因表达的变异，将具有重要意义。
