Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Painter, VA, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2021 Apr;77(4):1903-1914. doi: 10.1002/ps.6217. Epub 2020 Dec 29.
Annual bluegrass is a troublesome weed in managed turf systems. A survey was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of herbicide resistance in golf course populations of annual bluegrass in eastern Texas. Screenings were conducted for two photosystem II (PS II)-inhibitor herbicides [simazine preemergence (PRE), amicarbazone postemergence (POST)], two acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors (foramsulfuron POST, trifloxysulfuron POST) and one microtubule assembly inhibitor (pronamide PRE/POST).
Ninety percent of the populations were found to be resistant to at least one of the tested herbicides. The TX15-14 population was >490-, 178-, 10-, 26-, 4.3- and 3.8-fold, and the TX15-27 population was >490-, 16-, 28-, 84-, 5.2- and 4.1-fold less sensitive to simazine, amicarbazone, foramsulfuron, trifloxysulfuron, pronamide POST and pronamide PRE, respectively, compared to the susceptible standard TX15-SUS. Populations resistant to pronamide POST were completely controlled by pronamide PRE at the label recommended rate. The ALS and psbA gene sequence analysis indicated the presence of target site mutations (Ser-264-Gly in the psbA gene of TX15-14 and Trp-574-Leu in the ALS gene of TX15-27). However, given the absence of any target-site mutation in the ALS gene of TX15-14, the psbA gene of TX15-27 and α-tubulin of both populations, nontarget site mechanisms of resistance are suspected.
This is the first case of multiple herbicide resistance in annual bluegrass populations to three herbicide modes of action. Results show the widespread occurrence of multiple herbicide resistance in golf course annual bluegrass populations in eastern Texas and emphasize the need for the development and implementation of effective resistance management practices. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
一年生早熟禾是草坪管理系统中一种令人头疼的杂草。本研究对德克萨斯州东部高尔夫球场一年生早熟禾种群中除草剂抗性的流行情况进行了调查。对两种光合系统 II（PS II）抑制剂除草剂[西玛津播前处理（PRE）、双草醚播后处理（POST）]、两种乙酰乳酸合成酶（ALS）抑制剂（氟嘧磺隆 POST、三氟啶磺隆 POST）和一种微管组装抑制剂（敌草隆 PRE/POST）进行了筛选。
90%的种群至少对一种测试除草剂表现出抗性。TX15-14 种群对西玛津、双草醚、氟嘧磺隆、三氟啶磺隆、敌草隆 POST 和敌草隆 PRE 的敏感性分别降低了>490、178、10、26、4.3 和 3.8 倍，TX15-27 种群对西玛津、双草醚、氟嘧磺隆、三氟啶磺隆、敌草隆 POST 和敌草隆 PRE 的敏感性分别降低了>490、16、28、84、5.2 和 4.1 倍，与敏感标准 TX15-SUS 相比。在推荐标签剂量下，敌草隆 PRE 完全控制了对敌草隆 POST 有抗性的种群。ALS 和 psbA 基因序列分析表明存在靶标位点突变（TX15-14 的 psbA 基因中的 Ser-264-Gly 和 TX15-27 的 ALS 基因中的 Trp-574-Leu）。然而，由于 TX15-14 的 ALS 基因中没有靶标位点突变，TX15-27 的 psbA 基因和两个种群的α-微管蛋白中没有靶标位点突变，因此怀疑存在非靶标位点的抗性机制。
这是首例一年生早熟禾种群对三种作用方式的除草剂产生多重抗药性的情况。结果表明，德克萨斯州东部高尔夫球场一年生早熟禾种群中存在广泛的多重抗药性，并强调需要制定和实施有效的抗药性管理措施。 © 2020 化学工业协会。
