Romero José R, Bernstein Henry H
Pediatr Ann. 2020 Dec 1;49(12):e532-e536. doi: 10.3928/19382359-20201116-01.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the identified cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), continues unabated. This fact, coupled with recurrence of COVID-19 in areas where it had been controlled, highlights the critical need for a safe and effective vaccine to prevent and mitigate this novel virus. The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is important in its lifecycle as well as in the development of immunity after human infection. This has prompted the selection of this antigen as a focus in developing COVID-19 vaccines. This article provides (1) a summary of the host immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection, (2) the vaccine platforms being used with COVID-19 vaccine candidates undergoing, or about to undergo, Phase III clinical trial testing, and (3) an overview of the key criteria necessary for COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and safety. In addition, the unique concept of vaccine-enhanced disease will be discussed. [Pediatr Ann. 2020;49(12):e532-e536.].
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）是2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）已明确的病原体，其传播仍未减弱。这一事实，再加上COVID-19在原本已得到控制的地区再次出现，凸显了迫切需要一种安全有效的疫苗来预防和减轻这种新型病毒的危害。SARS-CoV-2的刺突蛋白在其生命周期以及人类感染后的免疫反应发展过程中都很重要。这促使人们选择这种抗原作为开发COVID-19疫苗的重点。本文提供了以下内容：（1）宿主对SARS-CoV-2感染的免疫反应概述；（2）正在进行或即将进行III期临床试验的COVID-19候选疫苗所使用的疫苗平台；（3）COVID-19疫苗有效性和安全性所需关键标准的概述。此外，还将讨论疫苗增强疾病这一独特概念。[《儿科年鉴》2020年；第 49卷（12）：e532-e536。]
