Silva Marcos Vinícius da, Pandorfi Héliton, Almeida Gledson Luiz Pontes de, Jardim Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz, Batista Pedro Henrique Dias, Silva Rodes Angelo Batista da, Lopes Iug, Oliveira Maria Eduarda Gonçalves de, Silva Jhon Lennon Bezerra da, Moraes Alex Souza
Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
J Therm Biol. 2020 Dec;94:102782. doi: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102782. Epub 2020 Nov 19.
The assessment of environmental conditions in the creation of dairy cattle in feedlots must be carried out to identify possible causes of stress and assist producers in the decision-making process. The objective was to characterize the abiotic factors and bed temperature, in the comfort conditions of dairy cows, through geostatistics and exploratory data inference, in a Compost Barn System in the Brazilian semiarid region. The data were obtained in a milk production unit, located in the municipality of Lajedo, Pernambuco, Brazil. The variables air temperature (Tair), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (WS), illuminance (Lux), skin temperature (Ts), bed temperature (Tb) were recorded and the temperature index was determined and humidity (THI). Data were recorded at 9:00 a.m., 12:00 p.m., and 03:00 p.m., over 5 days in the summer season. For geostatistical analysis, the classic semivariances were determined. The principal component analysis was performed to establish an index that characterized the condition of animal comfort. The variables Tair, RH, Tb, and THI showed a low coefficient of variation for all times. The best fit to the models of the semivariograms was the Gaussian at 9:00 a.m. and 03:00 p.m., and the spherical at 12:00 p.m. The Tb spatial variability was low for all studied hours. Tair showed a strong correlation with Tb, due to the process of heat transfer by convection from the floor to the environment. Geostatistics and exploratory data analysis allowed the establishment of a comfort index for Compost Barn production systems in the Brazilian semiarid region (R = 0.996; p < 0.0001).
必须对饲养场奶牛养殖环境条件进行评估，以确定可能的应激源，并协助生产者进行决策。目的是通过地统计学和探索性数据推断，对巴西半干旱地区堆肥棚系统中奶牛舒适条件下的非生物因素和床温进行特征描述。数据取自巴西伯南布哥州拉热多市的一个牛奶生产单位。记录了空气温度（Tair）、相对湿度（RH）、风速（WS）、照度（Lux）、皮肤温度（Ts）、床温（Tb）等变量，并确定了温度指数和湿度（THI）。在夏季的5天里，于上午9点、中午12点和下午3点记录数据。为进行地统计学分析，确定了经典半方差。进行主成分分析以建立一个表征动物舒适状况的指数。所有时间的Tair、RH、Tb和THI变量变异系数都较低。上午9点和下午3点半变异函数模型的最佳拟合为高斯模型，中午12点为球形模型。所有研究时段Tb的空间变异性都较低。由于从地面到环境的对流热传递过程，Tair与Tb显示出很强的相关性。地统计学和探索性数据分析为巴西半干旱地区的堆肥棚生产系统建立了一个舒适指数（R = 0.996；p < 0.0001）。
