Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
J Surg Educ. 2021 Jul-Aug;78(4):1236-1249. doi: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.11.016. Epub 2020 Dec 5.
Female representation in surgery is increasing; however, many surgical specialties continue to observe disproportionately fewer females entering their residencies. This study assesses how medical students' gender-based perceptions of surgical careers are impacted by attending the Surgical Exploration and Discovery (SEAD) program, a 2-week, immersive procedural program that offers observerships, mentorship, and workshops across 8 surgical specialties.
In this mixed-method prospective cohort study, medical students' awareness, beliefs, and experiences of gender bias in surgery were assessed using a 10-item Gender Bias in Medical Students Assessment-Surgery (GBMSA-S) psychometric survey instrument inspired by the validated Gender Bias in Medical Education Scale (Parker et al., 2016).
Undergraduate Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, at the University of Ottawa in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Eighteen first-year medical students in the experimental group (8 male, 10 female) and 18 in the control group (7 male, 11 female).
Compared to the control group, SEAD participants had significant changes in agreement with the statements: "surgery is male-dominated," "medical studies are mainly done in males," "gender discrimination is more pronounced in surgery than other medical professions," "consideration of my gender is an important factor in whether or not to pursue surgery as a career," and "I have encountered gender-biased attitudes and/or behaviors among non-physician health care staff" (p < 0.05). Perceptions of gender bias were reduced post-SEAD. Subgroup analysis by gender suggested that the significance of these changing perspectives was due to female participants' responses. SEAD also produced an increase in the level of interest in surgery (p = 0.04). Receptive and authentic dialogue was identified as a critical step toward social inclusivity (n = 11).
Early surgical exposure through SEAD produces a statistically significant increase in surgical interest and reduces certain perceptions of gender bias in surgery, particularly among female medical students.
女性在外科领域的代表性正在增加；然而，许多外科专业仍然观察到进入住院医师实习期的女性比例不成比例地较少。本研究评估了医学生的性别观念如何受到参加外科探索与发现（SEAD）计划的影响，该计划是一个为期两周的沉浸式程序，提供观察、指导和 8 个外科专业的研讨会。
在这项混合方法前瞻性队列研究中，使用了 10 项基于医学生评估手术性别偏见的性别偏见评估工具（GBMSA-S）心理测量问卷，该问卷的灵感来自经过验证的医学教育性别偏见量表（帕克等人，2016 年）。
在加拿大安大略省渥太华大学医学系本科医学教育中。
实验组 18 名一年级医学生（8 名男性，10 名女性）和对照组 18 名医学生（7 名男性，11 名女性）。
与对照组相比，SEAD 参与者在以下陈述上的意见明显改变：“外科手术以男性为主导”、“医学研究主要由男性完成”、“性别歧视在外科手术中比其他医疗专业更为明显”、“考虑到我的性别，是否选择外科作为职业是一个重要因素”以及“我在非医师医疗保健人员中遇到过性别偏见的态度和/或行为”（p < 0.05）。SEAD 后，对性别偏见的看法减少了。按性别进行的亚组分析表明，这些观点变化的重要性归因于女性参与者的反应。SEAD 还增加了对手术的兴趣（p=0.04）。接受和真实的对话被确定为实现社会包容性的关键步骤（n=11）。
通过 SEAD 进行早期外科接触会导致对手术的兴趣显著增加，并减少对手术中性别偏见的某些看法，尤其是在女性医学生中。
