维生素D缺乏与自闭症谱系障碍儿童的饮食习惯无关。
Vitamin D deficiency is not related to eating habits in children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder.
作者信息
Riccio Maria Pia, Catone Gennaro, Siracusano Rosamaria, Occhiati Luisa, Bernardo Pia, Sarnataro Emilia, Corrado Giuseppina, Bravaccio Carmela
机构信息
Department of Translational Medical Science, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University Federico II of Naples, Italy.
Department of Educational, Psychological and Communication Sciences. Suor Orsola Benincasa University, Italy.
出版信息
AIMS Public Health. 2020 Oct 15;7(4):792-803. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2020061. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by the impairment of communication and social interaction and by repetitive, restricted and stereotyped interests. ASD is often accompanied by comorbidities; eating disorders are frequent and imply important nutritional deficits (i.e. deficiencies of vitamins, minerals and fatty acids). Vitamin D has a critical role in neurodevelopment and serum levels in ASD are reported inadequate. A useful reference for setting up a correct diet in childhood is the food pyramid, which is inspired by the Mediterranean Diet (MD). The MD guarantees an intake of nutrients, considered optimal to maintain an adequate nutritional status. The aim of this study is to explore serum levels of Vitamin D and food habits (through MD adherence) in a sample of children with ASD and evaluate a possible correlation between these factors.
METHODS
study participants include 91 children 47 presenting ASD and 44 healthy typically-developing (TD) subjects, as control group. We evaluated serum level of Vitamin D in both group; anthropometric parameters (weight, height, body mass index-BMI-and growth percentile) and MD adherence have been explored, in order to investigate the correlation among those data and level of Vitamin D in children with ASD. Lastly, the association between Vitamin D levels and severity of ASD symptoms has been analysed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
74% of ASD group presented blood levels of Vitamin D under 30 ng/ml (normal range 30-100 ng/ml). The analysis performed showed that the two groups were significant different regards Vitamin D levels (t = 2.24, p < 0.05), according to literature. 31.9% of children with ASD presented a condition of overweight and 12.6% a condition of obesity. Adherence to the MD was low in 25.5% of cases. No significant statistical correlation has been found between Vitamin D serum levels, anthropometric parameters and the adherence to MD in the ASD group.
背景与目的
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的特征是沟通和社交互动受损，以及重复、受限和刻板的兴趣。ASD常伴有共病；饮食失调很常见，意味着重要的营养缺乏（即维生素、矿物质和脂肪酸缺乏）。维生素D在神经发育中起关键作用，据报道ASD患者的血清水平不足。建立正确儿童饮食的一个有用参考是食物金字塔，它受地中海饮食（MD）的启发。MD保证了营养摄入，被认为对维持充足的营养状况是最佳的。本研究的目的是探讨ASD儿童样本中的维生素D血清水平和饮食习惯（通过MD依从性），并评估这些因素之间的可能相关性。
方法
研究参与者包括91名儿童，47名患有ASD，44名发育正常（TD）的健康受试者作为对照组。我们评估了两组的维生素D血清水平；探索了人体测量参数（体重、身高、体重指数-BMI-和生长百分位数）和MD依从性，以研究这些数据与ASD儿童维生素D水平之间的相关性。最后，分析了维生素D水平与ASD症状严重程度之间的关联。
结果与结论
ASD组74%的患者血液中维生素D水平低于30 ng/ml（正常范围30-100 ng/ml）。根据文献，所进行的分析表明两组在维生素D水平方面存在显著差异（t = 2.24，p < 0.05）。31.9%的ASD儿童超重，12.6%肥胖。25.5%的病例对MD的依从性较低。在ASD组中，未发现维生素D血清水平、人体测量参数和对MD的依从性之间存在显著的统计相关性。
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