Liu L, Zhang J, Miao X P
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2020 Oct 10;41(10):1745-1750. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200401-00498.
Colorectal cancer is a global public health issue which possesses serious challenge. The incidence of colorectal cancer in developed countries and regions stands in the forefront worldwide, and has been rising sharply in some of the developing countries. It is unanimously recognized that the occurrence of colorectal cancer is closely related to environmental factors as diet and lifestyle, genetic factors, and gene-environment interactions of the people. Since there have been many studies on the influencing factors of colorectal cancer, the current review aims at providing evidence on colorectal cancer prevention by evaluating the relationships between the influencing factors and colorectal cancer, based on the published literatures. Environmental risk factors revealed by previous epidemiological studies facilitate the population-based prevention programs against colorectal cancer. The developments of sequencing and omics technologies provide more chances to illustrate the genetic susceptibility of colorectal cancer. With both, we are able to construct more accurate risk prediction models and subsequently developing personalized intervention plans to achieve the ultimate goal of reducing the burden of colorectal cancer.
结直肠癌是一个具有严峻挑战的全球公共卫生问题。发达国家和地区的结直肠癌发病率位居世界前列，并且在一些发展中国家呈急剧上升趋势。人们一致认为，结直肠癌的发生与饮食和生活方式等环境因素、遗传因素以及人群的基因-环境相互作用密切相关。由于已有许多关于结直肠癌影响因素的研究，本综述旨在基于已发表的文献，通过评估影响因素与结直肠癌之间的关系，为结直肠癌预防提供证据。先前流行病学研究揭示的环境风险因素有助于开展基于人群的结直肠癌预防项目。测序和组学技术的发展为阐明结直肠癌的遗传易感性提供了更多机会。借助这两者，我们能够构建更准确的风险预测模型，并随后制定个性化干预计划，以实现减轻结直肠癌负担的最终目标。
