Bishehsari Faraz, Mahdavinia Mahboobeh, Vacca Michele, Malekzadeh Reza, Mariani-Costantini Renato
Faraz Bishehsari, Division of Gastroenterology, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States.
World J Gastroenterol. 2014 May 28;20(20):6055-72. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i20.6055.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer and cancer-related mortality worldwide. The disease has been traditionally a major health problem in industrial countries, however the CRC rates are increasing in the developing countries that are undergoing economic growth. Several environmental risk factors, mainly changes in diet and life style, have been suggested to underlie the rise of CRC in these populations. Diet and lifestyle impinge on nuclear receptors, on the intestinal microbiota and on crucial molecular pathways that are implicated in intestinal carcinogenesis. In this respect, the epidemiological transition in several regions of the world offers a unique opportunity to better understand CRC carcinogenesis by studying the disease phenotypes and their environmental and molecular associations in different populations. The data from these studies may have important implications for the global prevention and treatment of CRC.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球癌症及癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一。传统上，该疾病在工业化国家一直是一个重大的健康问题，然而，在经济正在增长的发展中国家，CRC发病率正在上升。有几种环境风险因素，主要是饮食和生活方式的改变，被认为是这些人群中CRC发病率上升的原因。饮食和生活方式会影响核受体、肠道微生物群以及与肠道致癌作用相关的关键分子途径。在这方面，世界上几个地区的流行病学转变提供了一个独特的机会，通过研究不同人群中的疾病表型及其环境和分子关联，来更好地理解CRC致癌作用。这些研究的数据可能对全球CRC的预防和治疗具有重要意义。
