[2 new cases of rhinoentomophthoromycosis diagnosed in the Central African Republic (review of the literature)].

After a historical account and review of the published literature on rhinoentomophthoromycosis, we report two recently recognized cases in Central African Republic. The first case was a 32 year-old "peuhl" woman with typical facial deformation that gave her a "hippopotamus-woman" aspect. The second case was a 53 year-old man with lesions that were less typical and limited to one half of the face only. In both cases, hypodermic nodules were palpable and it is likely that inoculation occurred by scratching of a skin lesion. The woman originates from a savanna region whereas the second patient is from a forest area. In both cases, culture were positive for Conidiobolus coronatus. Treatment with itraconazole was instituted for both patients.