Yan Dong-Feng, He Wen, Yang Xi-Tian
College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2020 Nov;31(11):3605-3613. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202011.002.
We analyzed the spatial heterogeneity of plant species diversity in shrub layers and its relationship with light environment in plantation and - mixed forest, following the method of geostatistics. The results showed that plant species diversity indices (Shannon , Simpson , Margalef ) of shrub layers in plantation were significantly lower than that in - mixed forest. The variation ranges and spatial autocorrelation distances of plant species diversity index in plantation were higher than that in - mixed forest, with lower spatial homogeneity but stronger spatial dependence. The plant species diversity indices of , and structural ratios of shrub layers in pure forest were 44.2%-49.7%, with moderate spatial autocorrelation. The structure ratios of , and in - mixed forest were 1.5%-3.3%, with strong spatial autocorrelation. The spatial distribution of biodiversity showed obvious strip-like gradient trend in plantation and patchy gradient change in mixed forest, suggesting that the spatial continuity of plant species of shrub layers was worse in - mixed forest and that the spatial variation was stronger than that in pure forest. Results of correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis showed that the total light and plant canopy openness were the most significant factors affecting plant species diversity of shrub layers in both forest types. Light environment formed by plant canopy structure played a crucial part in maintaining plant diversity in shrub layer.
我们采用地统计学方法，分析了人工林和混交林灌木层植物物种多样性的空间异质性及其与光照环境的关系。结果表明，人工林灌木层的植物物种多样性指数（香农指数、辛普森指数、玛格列夫指数）显著低于混交林。人工林植物物种多样性指数的变异范围和空间自相关距离高于混交林，空间均匀性较低但空间依赖性较强。纯林中灌木层的、和结构比的植物物种多样性指数为44.2%-49.7%，具有中等空间自相关性。混交林中、和的结构比为1.5%-3.3%，具有较强的空间自相关性。人工林生物多样性的空间分布呈现明显的带状梯度趋势，混交林则呈现斑块状梯度变化，表明混交林灌木层植物物种的空间连续性较差，空间变异比纯林更强。相关分析和逐步回归分析结果表明，总光照和植物冠层开阔度是影响两种森林类型灌木层植物物种多样性的最显著因素。由植物冠层结构形成的光照环境在维持灌木层植物多样性方面起着关键作用。
