Almeida Patricia Pereira de, Thomasi Beatriz Bastos de Moraes, Costa Nathalia da Silva, Valdetaro Luisa, Pereira Aline D'Avila, Gomes Ana Lúcia Tavares, Stockler-Pinto Milena Barcza
Postgraduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Neurosciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
J Am Nutr Assoc. 2022 Feb;41(2):157-165. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1852981. Epub 2020 Dec 10.
The role of food and nutrients in the regulation of enteric glial cell functions is unclear. Some foods influence enteric neurophysiology and can affect glial cell functions that include regulation of the intestinal barrier, gastric emptying, and colonic transit. Brazil nuts are the most abundant natural source of selenium, unsaturated fatty acids, fibers, and polyphenols.
The study investigated the effects of a Brazil nut-enriched diet on enteric glial cells and gastrointestinal transit.
Two-month-old male Wistar rats were randomized to a standard diet (control group, CG), standard diet containing 5% (wt/wt) Brazil nut (BN5), and standard diet containing 10% (wt/wt) Brazil nut (BN10) (n = 9 per group). After eight weeks, the animals underwent constipation and gastric emptying tests to assess motility. Evaluations of colonic immunofluorescence staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and myenteric ganglia area were performed.
The BN5 group showed increased weight gain while the BN10 group did not ( < 0.0001). The BN10 group showed higher gastric residue amounts compared to the other groups ( = 0.0008). The colon exhibited an increase in GFAP immunoreactivity in the BN5 group compared to that in the other groups ( = 0.0016), and the BN10 group presented minor immunoreactivity compared to the CG ( = 0.04). The BN10 group presented a minor ganglia area compared to the CG ( = 0.0155).
The Brazil nut-enriched diet modified the gastric residual, colonic GFAP immunoreactivity, and myenteric ganglia area after eight weeks in healthy male Wistar rats.
食物和营养素在调节肠胶质细胞功能中的作用尚不清楚。一些食物会影响肠道神经生理学，并能影响胶质细胞的功能，包括调节肠道屏障、胃排空和结肠转运。巴西坚果是硒、不饱和脂肪酸、纤维和多酚最丰富的天然来源。
本研究调查了富含巴西坚果的饮食对肠胶质细胞和胃肠转运的影响。
将两个月大的雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为标准饮食组（对照组，CG）、含5%（重量/重量）巴西坚果的标准饮食组（BN5）和含10%（重量/重量）巴西坚果的标准饮食组（BN10）（每组n = 9）。八周后，对动物进行便秘和胃排空试验以评估运动能力。对结肠进行胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）免疫荧光染色和肌间神经节面积评估。
BN5组体重增加，而BN10组没有（<0.0001）。与其他组相比，BN10组的胃残留量更高（=0.0008）。与其他组相比，BN5组结肠中GFAP免疫反应性增加（=0.0016），与CG组相比，BN10组的免疫反应性较低（=0.04）。与CG组相比，BN10组的神经节面积较小（=0.0155）。
在健康雄性Wistar大鼠中，富含巴西坚果的饮食在八周后改变了胃残留量、结肠GFAP免疫反应性和肌间神经节面积。
