Fekete Réka, Bódis Judit, Fülöp Bence, Süveges Kristóf, Urgyán Renáta, Malkócs Tamás, Vincze Orsolya, Silva Luís, Molnár V Attila
Department of Botany University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary.
Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Georgikon Campus Szent István University Keszthely Hungary.
Ecol Evol. 2020 Oct 26;10(23):13236-13247. doi: 10.1002/ece3.6920. eCollection 2020 Dec.
Seminatural habitats are declining throughout the world; thus, the role of small anthropogenic habitats in the preservation of plants is becoming increasingly appreciated. Here, we surveyed the orchid flora of roadside verges in five Central European countries (Austria, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia) and tested how the surrounding landscape matrix affects the overall number of species and individuals, and also different functional groups of orchids. We found more than 2,000 individuals of 27 orchid species during our surveys. According to our results, the increasing coverage of agricultural and urban areas negatively affects both the number of orchid species and individuals on roadsides. Our study further suggests that differences in the surrounding habitats affect which species are found on roadsides, since the increasing coverage of grasslands or forested areas around orchid occurrences had a significant positive effect on the number of grassland or forest-dwelling species and individuals, respectively. Most variance in orchid numerosity and diversity was explained by the cover of the suitable habitat types of the respective taxa in the surrounding landscape of the sampling points. This highlights the importance of roadsides acting as refugia for numerous species and valuable plant communities as well as in supporting biodiversity in general.
半自然栖息地在全球范围内不断减少；因此，小型人为栖息地在植物保护中的作用日益受到重视。在此，我们调查了中欧五个国家（奥地利、匈牙利、罗马尼亚、斯洛伐克和斯洛文尼亚）路边的兰花植物区系，并测试了周边景观基质如何影响物种和个体的总数，以及不同功能组的兰花。在我们的调查中，我们发现了27种兰花的2000多个个体。根据我们的结果，农业和城市区域覆盖范围的增加对路边兰花的物种和个体数量均产生负面影响。我们的研究进一步表明，周边栖息地的差异会影响路边发现的物种，因为兰花生长地周围草原或森林覆盖范围的增加分别对草原或森林栖息物种和个体的数量产生了显著的积极影响。兰花数量和多样性的大部分差异是由采样点周边景观中各分类单元适宜栖息地类型的覆盖度所解释的。这凸显了路边作为众多物种和珍贵植物群落的避难所的重要性，以及在总体上对生物多样性的支持作用。
