Olatunde Olalekan C, Kuvarega Alex T, Onwudiwe Damian C
Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
Heliyon. 2020 Dec 1;6(12):e05614. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05614. eCollection 2020 Dec.
The increase in the presence of highly recalcitrant poly- and per- fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment, plant tissues and animals continues to pose serious health concerns. Several treatment methods such as physical, biological and chemical processes have been explored to deal with these compounds. Current trends have shown that the destructive treatment processes, which offer degradation and mineralization of PFASs, are the most desirable process among researchers and policy makers. This article, therefore, reviews the degradation and defluorination processes, their efficiencies and the degradation mechanism of photon-based processes. It shows that high degradation and defluorination efficiency of PFASs could be achieved by photon driven processes such as photolysis, photochemical, photocatalysis and photoreduction. The efficiency of these processes is greatly influenced by the nature of light and the reactive radical generated in the system. The limitation of these processes, however, include the long reaction time required and the use of anoxic reaction conditions, which are not obtainable at ambient conditions.
环境、植物组织和动物体内高度顽固的多氟和全氟烷基物质（PFAS）含量不断增加，这继续引发严重的健康问题。人们已经探索了多种处理方法，如物理、生物和化学过程来处理这些化合物。目前的趋势表明，能够实现PFAS降解和矿化的破坏性处理过程是研究人员和政策制定者最希望采用的过程。因此，本文综述了降解和脱氟过程、它们的效率以及基于光子过程的降解机制。结果表明，通过光解、光化学、光催化和光还原等光子驱动过程，可以实现PFAS的高降解和脱氟效率。这些过程的效率受到光的性质和系统中产生的活性自由基的极大影响。然而，这些过程的局限性包括所需的反应时间长以及使用缺氧反应条件，而这些在环境条件下是无法实现的。
