Department of Neurorehabilitation, Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation Krapinske Toplice, Krapinske Toplice, Croatia.
Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Applied Health Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia.
Disabil Rehabil. 2022 Jun;44(13):2988-3001. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1858351. Epub 2020 Dec 11.
Improving participation and quality of life is a desirable goal following traumatic brain injury (TBI). The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize existing findings concerning the role of occupational participation for persons with TBI.
A systematic literature search using four electronic databases was followed by a review of all titles and abstracts. Articles were included if the studies were conducted with adults with TBI, used a qualitative methodology and explored the role or meaning of occupations and occupational participation from the perspectives of individuals with TBI. Following data extraction, a thematic synthesis was conducted.
A total of 642 articles were identified, of which 14 ml inclusion criteria. Three themes related to the role of occupations for people with TBI emerged: reflecting on change in occupational performance and occupational participation, occupational adaptation, and individual meaning of occupational participation.
The findings demonstrate the significance of occupational participation for people following TBI. Occupational participation enabled better understanding of one's abilities and limitations, assisted in occupational adaptation, and held unique meaning for participants. The findings also highlight the importance of providing long-term services focused on enabling participation in occupations in order to ensure successful adaptation following TBI.Implications for rehabilitationFor persons with TBI, occupational participation enables recognition of changes in their performance, contributes to the process of adaptation and identity (re)construction, fulfils various intrinsic needs and provides a sense of personal meaning.Rehabilitation professionals should recognize persons with TBI as occupational beings and work with individuals to identify the meaning of important occupations in the process of understanding and adapting to changes in capability, performance and participation.The rehabilitation process should focus on enabling persons to perform and participate in the occupations they want, need or are expected to do in their daily lives.National and regional health care systems should ensure that persons with TBI are provided with appropriate physical, social and institutional support and services in order to achieve meaningful occupational engagement.
提高创伤性脑损伤（TBI）患者的参与度和生活质量是一个理想的目标。本系统综述的目的是总结关于 TBI 患者职业参与作用的现有研究结果。
使用四个电子数据库进行系统文献检索，然后对所有标题和摘要进行审查。如果研究对象为 TBI 成人，使用定性方法，从 TBI 患者的角度探讨职业和职业参与的作用或意义，则纳入研究。在提取数据后，进行主题综合分析。
共确定了 642 篇文章，其中 14 篇符合纳入标准。从 TBI 患者的角度来看，有三个主题与职业的作用有关：职业表现和参与的变化、职业适应和职业参与的个体意义。
这些发现表明职业参与对 TBI 患者的重要性。职业参与使患者更好地了解自己的能力和局限性，有助于职业适应，并对参与者具有独特的意义。研究结果还强调了提供长期以参与职业为重点的服务的重要性，以确保 TBI 后成功适应。
康复的意义对于 TBI 患者，职业参与使他们能够认识到自身表现的变化，有助于适应和身份（重新）构建的过程，满足各种内在需求，并赋予个人意义。康复专业人员应将 TBI 患者视为职业人士，并与个人合作，在理解和适应能力、表现和参与变化的过程中，确定重要职业的意义。康复过程应侧重于使患者能够从事他们在日常生活中想要、需要或期望从事的职业并参与其中。国家和地区的医疗保健系统应确保为 TBI 患者提供适当的身体、社会和机构支持和服务，以实现有意义的职业参与。
