Reproductive Biotechnology Centre, Post Box 299003, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Reprod Biol. 2021 Mar;21(1):100471. doi: 10.1016/j.repbio.2020.100471. Epub 2020 Dec 8.
Camels are a fundamental livestock resource with a significant role in the agricultural economy of dry regions of Asia and Africa. Similarly, llamas and alpacas are an indigenous resource considered as beasts of burden in South America because of their surefootedness and ability to adapt. Camel racing, a highly lucrative and well-organized sport, camel beauty contests, and high demand for camel milk lead to a steady interest in the multiplication of elite animals by in vitro embryo production (IVEP) in this species during the last few decades. Although offspring have been produced from in vitro produced embryos, the technique is still not that well developed compared with other domestic animal species such as cattle. IVEP involves many steps, including the collection of oocytes from either slaughterhouse ovaries or live animals through ultrasound-guided transvaginal aspiration; in vitro maturation of these collected oocytes; collection and preparation of semen for fertilization; culture and passaging of cells for nuclear transfer, chemical activation of the reconstructed embryos, and in vitro culture of embryos up to the blastocyst stage for transfer into synchronized recipients to carry them to term. This review discusses the present status of all these steps involved in the IVEP of camelids and their future perspectives.
骆驼是亚洲和非洲干旱地区农业经济的重要基础畜种。同样，美洲驼和羊驼是一种土生土长的资源，由于它们稳健的步伐和适应能力，被视为驮畜。骆驼竞赛是一项利润丰厚且组织完善的运动，骆驼选美比赛，以及对骆驼奶的高需求，导致在过去几十年中，通过体外胚胎生产（IVEP）对这种精英动物进行繁殖的兴趣稳步增长。尽管已经从体外生产的胚胎中产生了后代，但与其他家畜物种（如牛）相比，该技术仍不够发达。IVEP 涉及许多步骤，包括从屠宰场卵巢或活体动物中通过超声引导经阴道抽吸收集卵母细胞；这些收集的卵母细胞的体外成熟；用于受精的精液收集和准备；用于核转移的细胞培养和传代，重构胚胎的化学激活，以及胚胎的体外培养直至囊胚阶段，以便将其转移到同步接受者体内，使其达到足月。本综述讨论了涉及骆驼科 IVEP 的所有这些步骤的现状及其未来前景。
