Murata Shunsuke, Ono Rei, Sugimoto Taiki, Toba Kenji, Sakurai Takashi
Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita.
Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2021;35(1):36-43. doi: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000426.
There is a dearth of longitudinal data on body composition, function, and physical performance in persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD).
The aim was to describe the trajectories of function, body composition, and physical performance in older adults with AD.
In this retrospective cohort study, data were collected from older adults (n=1402) diagnosed with AD (mean age: 78.1 y old, women: 69.3%). Cognitive function was assessed using the mini-mental state examination. Proxy-reported instrumental and basic activities of daily living were assessed using the Lawton and Barthel indexes. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Physical performance was assessed using the timed up and go test and grip strength.
Median (interquartile range) of follow-up time was 2.2 (1.2 to 3.6) years. Participants' mini-mental state examination score, Barthel index, and Lawton index declined over time. Skeletal muscle mass index and physical performance (timed up and go test and grip strength) decreased, while fat mass index increased with time. No significant changes or slight decline in weight and body mass index was observed.
Muscle mass and physical performance are likely to decline in older adults with AD. Clinicians should assess muscle mass and physical performance trajectories regularly in these patients and intervene appropriately.
关于阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者身体成分、功能和身体表现的纵向数据匮乏。
旨在描述患有AD的老年人的功能、身体成分和身体表现轨迹。
在这项回顾性队列研究中，收集了1402名被诊断患有AD的老年人（平均年龄：78.1岁，女性：69.3%）的数据。使用简易精神状态检查表评估认知功能。使用洛顿和巴氏指数评估代理报告的工具性日常生活活动和基本日常生活活动。使用生物电阻抗分析评估身体成分。使用计时起立行走测试和握力评估身体表现。
随访时间的中位数（四分位间距）为2.2（1.2至3.6）年。参与者的简易精神状态检查表评分、巴氏指数和洛顿指数随时间下降。骨骼肌质量指数和身体表现（计时起立行走测试和握力）下降，而脂肪质量指数随时间增加。未观察到体重和体重指数有显著变化或轻微下降。
患有AD的老年人的肌肉质量和身体表现可能会下降。临床医生应定期评估这些患者的肌肉质量和身体表现轨迹并进行适当干预。
