Centre of Excellence in Nonthermal Processing, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology, Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Thanjavur, India.
Department of Food Packaging and System Development, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology, Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Thanjavur, India.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2020 May;19(3):1125-1155. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12555. Epub 2020 Apr 12.
Management of stored product insects is a major concern and widely researched topic in the food and grain processing and storage industry. In the scenario of estimated utilization of produces exceeding the production, postharvest losses should be properly controlled to feed the growing population. The prevailing disinfestation techniques are forced to meet regulatory standards and market demands. The resistance developed by insects, environmental concerns, and occupational hazards lead to the vanishing of many chemicals used in insect and pest management programs. Some of the major disinfestation techniques such as the use of chemical fumigants, ozone, irradiation, dielectric heating, extreme temperature treatments, and bio rational approaches are discussed, particularly on the storage of cereal grains and its products, as they contribute to a significant proportion of food consumed worldwide. Newer techniques such as nonthermal plasma and metabolic stress disinfestation and decontamination for stored pest control are developed and evaluated in different parts of the world. The knowledge about the mode of action of these disinfestation techniques is important to avoid the cross-resistance and multiple resistance developed by insects with frequently used techniques. Various alternatives to conventional fumigants are discussed in this review as there is a growing demand for toxic-free, environment-friendly, and, at the same time, efficient techniques.
储粮害虫的管理是食品和粮食加工业和储存业关注的主要问题和研究热点。在预计农产品的利用量超过产量的情况下，应该妥善控制产后损失，以养活不断增长的人口。目前普遍采用的害虫防治技术必须符合监管标准和市场需求。昆虫产生的抗药性、环境问题和职业危害导致许多用于害虫和病虫害防治计划的化学品消失。讨论了一些主要的害虫防治技术，如化学熏蒸剂、臭氧、辐照、介电加热、极端温度处理和生物合理方法的使用，特别是在谷物及其产品的储存方面，因为它们对世界范围内消费的粮食有很大的贡献。在世界不同地区，还开发和评估了一些较新的技术，如非热等离子体和代谢应激防治以及储存害虫控制的去污技术。了解这些害虫防治技术的作用模式对于避免昆虫对常用技术产生的交叉抗性和多种抗性非常重要。本文综述了各种传统熏蒸剂的替代品，因为人们对无毒、环保且同时高效的技术的需求日益增长。
