Sánchez-Sansegundo Miriam, Portilla-Tamarit Irene, Rubio-Aparicio María, Albaladejo-Blazquez Natalia, Ruiz-Robledillo Nicolás, Ferrer-Cascales Rosario, Zaragoza-Martí Ana
Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2020 Dec 15;10(12):1091. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics10121091.
Suicide is one of the main premature causes of death in patients with schizophrenia. However, little is known about the relationship between neurocognitive functioning and suicidality in violent offenders with schizophrenia who have been sentenced to psychiatric treatment after committing violent crimes. We examined the neurocognitive functioning of a sample of 61 violent offenders, most of them murderers with schizophrenia who were classified as suicide attempters ( = 26) and non-attempters ( = 35). We compared the neurocognitive functioning of both groups using a neuropsychological battery. Suicide attempters showed similar performance to non-attempters in a neuropsychological test across all domains of cognitive functioning, memory, attention, verbal fluency, and executive functioning. However, after controlling for demographic and clinical variables, suicide attempters performed better than non-attempters in two planning-related tasks: the Tower of London ( < 0.01) and the Zoo Map ( < 0.01). Suicide attempters were also characterized as having more family histories of suicidality and as displaying more depressive symptoms and negative symptoms of psychopathology on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scale. These results suggest that suicide attempters have a greater ability to formulate plans and initiate goals directed at making a suicide attempt.
自杀是精神分裂症患者过早死亡的主要原因之一。然而，对于那些在实施暴力犯罪后被判处接受精神治疗的患有精神分裂症的暴力罪犯，其神经认知功能与自杀倾向之间的关系却知之甚少。我们对61名暴力罪犯的样本进行了神经认知功能检测，其中大多数是患有精神分裂症的杀人犯，他们被分为自杀未遂者（=26）和非自杀未遂者（=35）。我们使用一套神经心理测试工具对两组的神经认知功能进行了比较。在认知功能、记忆、注意力、语言流畅性和执行功能的所有领域的神经心理测试中，自杀未遂者与非自杀未遂者表现相似。然而，在控制了人口统计学和临床变量后，自杀未遂者在两项与计划相关的任务中表现优于非自杀未遂者：伦敦塔任务（<0.01）和动物园地图任务（<0.01）。自杀未遂者还具有更多自杀家族史的特征，并且在阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）上表现出更多的抑郁症状和精神病理学的阴性症状。这些结果表明，自杀未遂者有更强的制定计划和启动自杀企图目标的能力。
