Yenisehir Hospital Division of Cardiology, Mersin, Turkey.
Department of Cardiology, Izmir Torbalı State Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
Vascular. 2021 Oct;29(5):767-775. doi: 10.1177/1708538120980207. Epub 2020 Dec 18.
We aimed to evaluate peripheral varicose vein symptoms including ecchymosis and coldness by using the Venous Insufficiency Epidemiological and Economic Study-Quality of Life/Symptoms (VEINES-QoL/Sym) questionnaire.
A total of 1120 patients were enrolled to the analysis after the exclusion of 199 patients who did not match the inclusion criteria. Patients were asked to answer the VEINES-Sym questionnaire and questions about ecchymosis and coldness. Scores of ecchymosis and coldness were calculated similar to VEINES-Sym questionnaire. Classifications of peripheral varicose vein were made according to the clinical part of clinical, etiological, anatomical, and pathophysiological classification system and patients with grade 2 or higher were considered as positive for peripheral varicose vein.
Frequency of symptoms present in the VEINES-Sym instrument, ecchymosis and coldness were significantly higher in patients with peripheral varicose vein. Mean score of each symptom was significantly lower in peripheral varicose vein patients including scores of ecchymosis and coldness. Logistic regression analysis revealed that presence of hemorrhoids and all symptoms in VEINES-Sym questionnaire except restless leg were significantly and independently associated with peripheral varicose vein. Besides, ecchymosis (odds ratio: 2.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.34-3.08, = 0.008) but not coldness was significantly and independently associated with peripheral varicose vein. There was also significant correlation of VEINES-Sym score with ecchymosis ( = 0.43, < 0.001) and coldness ( = 0.47, < 0.001).
Venous leg symptoms present in VEINES-Sym questionnaire except restless legs, presence of hemorrhoids and ecchymosis are significantly and independently associated with peripheral varicose vein. Not only ecchymosis but also coldness has shown an independent association with total VEINES-Sym score.
我们旨在通过静脉功能不全流行病学和经济研究-生活质量/症状（VEINES-QoL/Sym）问卷评估外周静脉曲张症状，包括瘀斑和寒冷感。
在排除了 199 名不符合纳入标准的患者后，共有 1120 名患者被纳入分析。患者被要求回答 VEINES-Sym 问卷以及关于瘀斑和寒冷感的问题。瘀斑和寒冷感的评分与 VEINES-Sym 问卷相似。根据临床、病因、解剖和病理生理学分类系统的临床部分对周围静脉曲张进行分类，将 2 级或以上的患者视为周围静脉曲张阳性。
VEINES-Sym 仪器中存在的症状、瘀斑和寒冷感的频率在周围静脉曲张患者中明显更高。在周围静脉曲张患者中，每个症状的平均评分明显较低，包括瘀斑和寒冷感的评分。Logistic 回归分析显示，存在痔和 VEINES-Sym 问卷中除不安腿综合征外的所有症状与周围静脉曲张显著且独立相关。此外，瘀斑（比值比：2.04，95%置信区间：1.34-3.08， = 0.008）但不是寒冷感与周围静脉曲张显著且独立相关。VEINES-Sym 评分与瘀斑（ = 0.43， < 0.001）和寒冷感（ = 0.47， < 0.001）也有显著相关性。
VEINES-Sym 问卷中除不安腿综合征外的静脉腿部症状、存在痔和瘀斑与周围静脉曲张显著且独立相关。不仅瘀斑，而且寒冷感与总 VEINES-Sym 评分也有独立相关性。
