Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Sino-Danish Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2021 Mar;101:397-412. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.08.030. Epub 2020 Sep 17.
In groundwater, deep soil layer, sediment, the widespread of xenobiotic organic contaminants (XOCs) have been leading to the concern of human health and eco-environment safety, which calls for a better understanding on the fate and remediation of XOCs in anoxic matrices. In the absence of oxygen, bacteria utilize various oxidized substances, e.g. nitrate, sulphate, metallic (hydr)oxides, humic substance, as terminal electron acceptors (TEAs) to fuel anaerobic XOCs degradation. Although there have been increasing anaerobic biodegradation studies focusing on species identification, degrading pathways, community dynamics, systematic reviews on the underlying mechanism of anaerobic contaminants removal from the perspective of electron flow are limited. In this review, we provide the insight on anaerobic biodegradation from electrons aspect - electron production, transport, and consumption. The mechanism of the coupling between TEAs reduction and pollutants degradation is deconstructed in the level of community, pure culture, and cellular biochemistry. Hereby, relevant strategies to promote anaerobic biodegradation are proposed for guiding to an efficient XOCs bioremediation.
在地下水、深层土壤层和沉积物中，广泛存在的外源性有机污染物 (XOCs) 引起了人们对人类健康和生态环境安全的关注，这需要更好地了解缺氧基质中 XOCs 的命运和修复。在缺氧条件下，细菌利用各种氧化物质（如硝酸盐、硫酸盐、金属（氢）氧化物、腐殖质）作为末端电子受体 (TEAs) 来为厌氧 XOCs 降解提供燃料。尽管越来越多的厌氧生物降解研究集中在物种鉴定、降解途径、群落动态等方面，但从电子流的角度系统地综述厌氧污染物去除的潜在机制仍很有限。在这篇综述中，我们从电子的角度提供了对厌氧生物降解的见解——电子的产生、传输和消耗。在群落、纯培养和细胞生物化学水平上，对 TEA 还原与污染物降解偶联的机制进行了解构。为此，提出了促进厌氧生物降解的相关策略，以指导有效的 XOCs 生物修复。
