Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Faculty of Economics and Management, formerly O6U, Giza, Egypt.
Int J Health Plann Manage. 2021 Mar;36(2):498-514. doi: 10.1002/hpm.3098. Epub 2020 Dec 17.
In Egypt, primary healthcare workers (PHCWs) often work in challenging situations and in relative isolation from the health system and specialists' experiences. Supervision is currently applied by PHCWs to present practice, control and upgrade knowledge and skills.
To assess the current supervision system in the Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP) at the central, governorate, district, and primary healthcare (PHC) facility levels.
The research setting is the MOHP-PHC head quarter (HQ) and five governorates.
Cross-sectional analytical observational health system research qualitative and quantitative study of Egyptian health service and operations.
The multistage sampling technique was used to select districts (n = 25) units (n = 250), physicians (n = 250), and nurses (n = 250) from five randomly selected governorates that represent four Egypt regions.
Focus group discussions (FGDs) and self-administered questionnaires.
Response rate to questionnaires were in total 73% (67% for physicians and 80% for nurses). FGDs demonstrated that PHC has an effective supervision system at central, governorate, and district levels. The effective supervision allowed overcoming barriers related to the shortage in PHCWs needed to cover 5364 PHC units in addition to mobile clinics. Supervisors use a standardized consistent checklist covering all items of service delivery. More than 95% of physicians and nurses appreciated receiving on-the-job training from the district supervisory teams.
Egypt MOHP-PHC has an effective supervision model in place at the central, governorate and district levels that supports continuous communication between PHC facilities' staff and the health system enabling continuous personal and professional upgrade and development and improved problem-solving skills at the facility level.
在埃及，基层医疗工作者（PHCW）经常在充满挑战的环境中工作，与卫生系统和专家的经验相对隔离。监督目前由 PHCW 应用于当前实践，以控制和提升知识和技能。
评估卫生部和人口部（MOHP）在中央、省、地区和基层医疗（PHC）设施层面的现行监督制度。
研究地点是 MOHP-PHC 总部（HQ）和五个省。
横断面分析观察性卫生系统研究对埃及卫生服务和运营的定性和定量研究。
多阶段抽样技术用于从五个随机选择的省中选择区（n=25）单位（n=250）、医生（n=250）和护士（n=250），代表埃及四个地区。
焦点小组讨论（FGD）和自我管理问卷。
对问卷的总答复率为 73%（医生为 67%，护士为 80%）。FGD 表明，PHC 在中央、省和地区层面都有一个有效的监督系统。有效的监督允许克服与覆盖 5364 个 PHC 单位以及流动诊所相关的基层医疗工作者短缺的障碍。监督员使用标准化一致的检查表，涵盖服务提供的所有项目。超过 95%的医生和护士赞赏从地区监督团队获得在职培训。
埃及 MOHP-PHC 在中央、省和地区层面都有一个有效的监督模式，支持 PHC 设施工作人员与卫生系统之间的持续沟通，使个人和专业不断升级和发展，并在设施层面提高解决问题的能力。
