Lerch Matthias, Plaass Christian, Claassen Leif, Ettinger Sarah
Orthopädische Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover im DIAKOVERE Annastift, Anna-von-Borries Str. 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland.
Orthopade. 2021 Feb;50(2):96-103. doi: 10.1007/s00132-020-04052-x.
Mini implants are increasingly used in foot and ankle surgery. They preserve the joints' functions, are easy to insert and easy to convert to an alternative treatment. Early surgical attempts using silastic implants did not bring the expected success. First achievements where reached with modern metallic mini implants in the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint and the ankle joint. For a few years now, a polyvinyl alcohol implant has been used to treat the arthritic first MTP joint. Even severe arthritic joints can be treated with an implant made of polylactide. This implant can also be used in the treatment of Lisfranc joint pathologies. To address severe osteochondral defects of the talus, an innovative hemiarthroplasty implant has been suggested. This article gives a summary of currently used mini implants. Their application as possible alternatives to total joint replacement or joint fusion are critically reviewed in the light of the current literature.
微型植入物在足踝外科手术中的应用越来越广泛。它们能保留关节功能，易于植入，且易于转换为其他治疗方式。早期使用硅橡胶植入物的手术尝试并未取得预期成功。现代金属微型植入物首次在第一跖趾关节和踝关节取得了初步成果。几年来，聚乙烯醇植入物一直用于治疗第一跖趾关节关节炎。即使是严重的关节炎关节也可用聚乳酸制成的植入物进行治疗。这种植入物也可用于治疗Lisfranc关节病变。为解决距骨严重的骨软骨缺损问题，有人提出了一种创新的半关节置换植入物。本文总结了目前使用的微型植入物。根据当前文献对它们作为全关节置换或关节融合的可能替代方案的应用进行了批判性综述。
