精神病患者情景模拟的认知机制。
Cognitive mechanisms of episodic simulation in psychiatric populations.
机构信息
VA Boston Healthcare System, Psychology Service, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, United States.
Harvard University, Department of Psychology, William James Hall, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, United States.
出版信息
Behav Res Ther. 2021 Jan;136:103778. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2020.103778. Epub 2020 Nov 23.
Episodic simulation is the construction of a mental representation of a specific autobiographical future event. Episodic simulation has increasingly been studied in psychiatric populations. Here we 1) review evidence indicating that episodic simulation is compromised in patients with depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and PTSD; and 2) consider several potential cognitive mechanisms of episodic simulation in psychiatric populations: episodic retrieval, scene construction, mental imagery, components of the CaRFAX model (i.e., capture and rumination, functional avoidance, and executive functioning), and narrative style. We evaluate evidence regarding these mechanisms across psychiatric populations, and identify areas of future research. Understanding the factors that contribute to episodic simulation impairment in psychiatric populations may lead to targeted and effective treatment approaches.
情景模拟是对特定自传未来事件的心理表现的构建。情景模拟在精神科人群中的研究越来越多。在这里，我们 1）回顾了表明抑郁症、焦虑症、精神分裂症、双相情感障碍和创伤后应激障碍患者的情景模拟受损的证据；2）考虑了精神科人群中情景模拟的几个潜在认知机制：情景检索、场景构建、心理意象、CaRFAX 模型的组成部分（即捕捉和反刍、功能回避和执行功能）以及叙事风格。我们评估了这些机制在整个精神科人群中的证据，并确定了未来研究的领域。了解导致精神科人群情景模拟受损的因素可能会导致针对特定人群的有效治疗方法。
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