Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy.
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Dev Sci. 2021 Jul;24(4):e13077. doi: 10.1111/desc.13077. Epub 2021 Jan 20.
Self-directed object manipulation tasks illuminate development of motor planning. Grasping strategies that lead to good object control to perform the following action(s) reveal second-order motor planning. Motor planning for efficient grips develops slowly in children. Age-related differences in other primates have been poorly investigated. Here, we investigated anticipatory motor planning of infant, juvenile and adult wild capuchin monkeys grasping a horizontally positioned stick baited to the left or right side (a version of the elevated spoon task). We recorded the grasps capuchins used to bring the baited end of the stick to the mouth. The percentage of efficient radial grips positively correlated with age and adults used efficient grips significantly more frequently than infants. Adult wild capuchins' use of radial grips was higher than that reported for adult captive capuchins in similar tasks, suggesting that experience throughout life may influence motor anticipation. Self-directed object manipulation tasks will be useful to compare this aspect of cognition across primates. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at https://youtu.be/a1Zbr_AQkb8.
自主物体操作任务阐明了运动规划的发展。良好的物体控制抓握策略可以执行以下动作，揭示了二阶运动规划。儿童的高效抓握运动规划发展缓慢。其他灵长类动物的年龄相关差异研究甚少。在这里，我们研究了婴儿、青少年和成年野生卷尾猴抓取水平放置的棒状诱饵（勺子任务的一种变体）的预期运动规划。我们记录了卷尾猴用来将棒状诱饵端送到嘴边的抓握方式。有效的径向抓握的百分比与年龄呈正相关，成年人使用有效抓握的频率明显高于婴儿。野生成年卷尾猴的径向抓握使用频率高于类似任务中报告的人工饲养成年卷尾猴，这表明一生中的经验可能会影响运动预测。自主物体操作任务将有助于在灵长类动物中比较认知的这一方面。本文的视频摘要可在 https://youtu.be/a1Zbr_AQkb8 观看。
