Rawcliffe Alex J, Hinde Katrina L, Graham Scott M, Martindale Russell, Morrison Andrew, Krajewski Kellen T, Connaboy Chris
Head Quarters Army Recruiting and Initial Training Command, Ministry of Defence, London, United Kingdom.
Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom.
Front Sports Act Living. 2020 Oct 22;2:584275. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2020.584275. eCollection 2020.
Impaired proprioceptive acuity negatively affects both joint position sense and postural control and is a risk factor for lower-extremity musculoskeletal injury in athletes and military personnel. British Army foot-drill is an occupational military activity involving cyclical high impact loading forces greater than those observed in athletes during high level plyometrics. Foot-drill may contribute to the high rates of lower-extremity overuse injuries observed in recruits during basic training. There is limited research investigating foot-drill specific injury risk factors in women, despite greater incidences of musculoskeletal injury reported in women (522 vs. 417 per 1,000 personnel, OR: 1.53) when compared to men during basic training. This study aimed to quantify changes in ankle joint proprioception and dynamic postural stability following a period of British Army foot-drill. Fourteen women of similar age to British Army female recruits underwent pre-post foot-drill measures of frontal plane ankle joint position sense (JPS) and dynamic postural stability using the dynamic postural stability index (DPSI). Passive ankle JPS was assessed from relative test angles of inversion 30% (IN30%) and eversion 30% (EV30%) and IN60% of participants range of motion using an isokinetic dynamometer. The DPSI and the individual stability indices (medio-lateral [MLSI], anterior-posterior [APSI], and vertical [VSI]) were calculated from lateral and forward jump-landing conditions using force plates. Foot-drill was conducted by a serving British Army drill instructor. Significantly greater absolute mean JPS error for IN30% and EV30% was observed post foot-drill ( ≤ 0.016, ≥ 0.70). For both the lateral and forward jump-landing conditions, significantly greater stability index scores were observed for MLSI, APSI, and DPSI ( ≤ 0.017, ≥ 0.52). Significantly greater JPS error and stability index scores are associated with the demands of British Army foot-drill. These results provide evidence that foot-drill negatively affects lower-extremity proprioceptive acuity in recruit age-matched women, which has implications for increased injury risk during subsequent military physical activity, occurring in a normal training cycle.
本体感觉敏锐度受损会对关节位置感和姿势控制产生负面影响，并且是运动员和军事人员下肢肌肉骨骼损伤的一个风险因素。英国陆军的队列训练是一项军事职业活动，涉及周期性的高冲击力，其强度大于高水平增强式训练中运动员所承受的力量。队列训练可能是新兵在基础训练期间下肢过度使用损伤发生率高的一个原因。尽管在基础训练期间，女性报告的肌肉骨骼损伤发生率（每1000人中有522例，而男性为417例，比值比：1.53）高于男性，但针对女性队列训练特定损伤风险因素的研究却很有限。本研究旨在量化一段英国陆军队列训练后踝关节本体感觉和动态姿势稳定性的变化。14名年龄与英国陆军女性新兵相仿的女性，在队列训练前后接受了额面踝关节位置感（JPS）和动态姿势稳定性的测量，采用动态姿势稳定性指数（DPSI）进行评估。使用等速测力计，从内翻30%（IN30%）、外翻30%（EV30%）以及参与者运动范围的IN60%的相对测试角度评估被动踝关节JPS。DPSI以及个体稳定性指数（内侧-外侧[MLSI]、前后[APSI]和垂直[VSI]）通过使用测力台，根据侧向和向前跳跃落地情况进行计算。队列训练由一名现役英国陆军教官进行。队列训练后，观察到IN30%和EV30%的绝对平均JPS误差显著增大（≤0.016，≥0.70）。对于侧向和向前跳跃落地情况，MLSI、APSI和DPSI的稳定性指数得分均显著更高（≤0.017，≥0.52）。显著更高的JPS误差和稳定性指数得分与英国陆军队列训练的要求相关。这些结果证明，队列训练会对新兵年龄匹配的女性的下肢本体感觉敏锐度产生负面影响，这对于在正常训练周期中后续军事体育活动期间受伤风险增加具有影响。
