Scollan Joseph P, Bertsch Morgan L, Flanagan Christopher D, Chughtai Morad, Chepla Kyle J, Hoyen Harry A, Bafus Blaine T
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
JSES Int. 2020 Sep 7;4(4):753-758. doi: 10.1016/j.jseint.2020.07.016. eCollection 2020 Dec.
Deltoid compartment syndrome is a rare entity. The purpose of this study was to report a recent case and perform a systematic literature review.
Patient data were gathered from chart review and clinical encounters. For the review, the MEDLINE, Embase, and Ovid databases were queried for deltoid compartment syndrome cases. Seventeen articles reporting on 18 patients with deltoid compartment syndrome were included.
Including our patient, 9 of 19 patients (47.4%) presented with compartment syndrome limited to the deltoid. Most patients presented with additional affected compartments, most commonly in the ipsilateral arm (7 of 19, 37%). Isolated deltoid involvement often resulted from iatrogenic injury; of 10 iatrogenic reports, 8 involved only the deltoid. Of 19 cases, 5 (26%) occurred in powerlifters, climbers, or anabolic steroid or testosterone injectors. In 13 of 19 cases (68%), the patients were men aged 18-36 years, and only 1 female case (5%) was reported. Prolonged recumbence owing to substance abuse was documented in 6 of 19 cases (32%).
Deltoid compartment syndrome is rare, with only 19 reported cases, including our patient. Men are more commonly affected, and isolated deltoid compartment syndrome occurs in about 50% of reported cases. More than half of cases are iatrogenic, secondary to prolonged lateral decubitus positioning, injections, and surgical interventions about the shoulder. Prolonged recumbence from intoxication is also a common etiology. Providers should be aware of and recognize deltoid compartment syndrome to facilitate urgent surgical management.
三角肌间室综合征是一种罕见病症。本研究旨在报告近期一例病例并进行系统的文献综述。
通过查阅病历和临床会诊收集患者数据。为进行综述，检索了MEDLINE、Embase和Ovid数据库中关于三角肌间室综合征的病例。纳入了17篇报道18例三角肌间室综合征患者的文章。
包括我们的患者在内，19例患者中有9例（47.4%）表现为局限于三角肌的间室综合征。大多数患者还伴有其他受累间室，最常见于同侧手臂（19例中有7例，37%）。孤立的三角肌受累通常由医源性损伤导致；在10例医源性损伤报告中，8例仅累及三角肌。19例病例中，5例（26%）发生在力量举运动员、攀岩者或使用合成代谢类固醇或睾酮注射剂的人群中。19例病例中有13例（68%）患者为18至36岁的男性，仅报告了1例女性病例（5%）。19例病例中有6例（32%）记录到因药物滥用导致长期卧床。
三角肌间室综合征很罕见，包括我们的患者在内仅有19例报告病例。男性更常受累，约50%的报告病例为孤立的三角肌间室综合征。超过半数的病例是医源性的，继发于长时间侧卧位、注射以及肩部手术干预。因中毒导致的长期卧床也是常见病因。医疗人员应了解并认识三角肌间室综合征，以便促进紧急手术治疗。
