Mougeot Jean-Luc C, Beckman Micaela F, Langdon Holden C, Brennan Michael T, Bahrani Mougeot Farah
Carolinas Medical Center-Atrium Health, 1000 Blythe Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28203, USA.
J Clin Med. 2020 Dec 17;9(12):4068. doi: 10.3390/jcm9124068.
The endogenous microbiome of healthy individuals in oral cavities is diverse, representing over 700 bacterial species. Imbalance in oral and gut microbiome composition and associated gene expression has been linked to different forms of hematological (blood) cancers. Our objective is to compare oral microbiome profiles of patients with blood cancers (BC group: N = 39 patients, n = 124 oral samples) to those of healthy control subjects (HC group: N = 27 subjects, n = 100 oral samples). Saliva samples and swabs of buccal mucosa, supragingival plaque, and tongue were collected from blood cancer patients and healthy controls. Next-generation sequencing (16S-rRNA gene V3-V4 region) was used to determine the relative abundance of bacterial taxa present at the genus and species levels. Differences in oral microbiome -diversity were determined using multivariate permutational analysis of variance (PERMANOVA). Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis was performed to identify differentiating bacterial taxa in pairwise comparisons. The PATRIC online tool was used to determine the predominance of potential pathogenicity in the BC group. The oral microbiome -diversities of the BC and HC groups differed and corresponded to a reduced -diversity in the BC group. LEfSe analysis showed significant LDA scores for and spp., differentiating the BC group from the HC group. In silico analysis using PATRIC demonstrated that the groups of bacteria possessing traits of "antibiotic resistance", "oral pathogen", and "virulence" was enriched in the BC group. Although 56% of the BC patients received antibiotics within two weeks of the oral bacterial sampling, remained the top differentiating feature in the BC group regardless of the administration of antibiotics, while was detected as the top differentiating feature in the BC patients who did not receive antibiotics, but not in those who received antibiotics. Further investigation is needed to better understand the interactions of certain oral species with the host immune system to better characterize clinically relevant associations with hematological cancers.
健康个体口腔中的内源性微生物群具有多样性，包含700多种细菌。口腔和肠道微生物群组成及相关基因表达的失衡与不同形式的血液系统（血液）癌症有关。我们的目标是比较血液癌症患者（BC组：N = 39例患者，n = 124份口腔样本）与健康对照受试者（HC组：N = 27名受试者，n = 100份口腔样本）的口腔微生物群谱。从血液癌症患者和健康对照者中采集唾液样本以及颊黏膜、龈上菌斑和舌部的拭子。采用下一代测序（16S - rRNA基因V3 - V4区域）来确定属和种水平上存在的细菌类群的相对丰度。使用多变量置换方差分析（PERMANOVA）来确定口腔微生物群多样性的差异。进行线性判别分析（LDA）效应大小（LEfSe）分析以识别成对比较中具有差异的细菌类群。使用PATRIC在线工具来确定BC组中潜在致病性的优势情况。BC组和HC组的口腔微生物群多样性存在差异，且BC组的多样性降低。LEfSe分析显示 菌属和 菌属具有显著的LDA评分，可将BC组与HC组区分开来。使用PATRIC进行的计算机分析表明，具有“抗生素抗性”“口腔病原体”和“毒力”特征的细菌群在BC组中富集。尽管56%的BC患者在口腔细菌采样前两周内接受了抗生素治疗，但无论是否使用抗生素， 仍然是BC组的主要区别特征，而 在未接受抗生素治疗的BC患者中被检测为主要区别特征，但在接受抗生素治疗的患者中未检测到。需要进一步研究以更好地理解某些口腔物种与宿主免疫系统的相互作用，从而更好地表征与血液癌症的临床相关关联。
