Teles Ricardo Vieira
Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Goiás - Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
Dement Neuropsychol. 2020 Dec;14(4):419-421. doi: 10.1590/1980-57642020dn14-040013.
The case of Phineas Gage is an integral part of medical folklore. His accident still causes astonishment and curiosity and can be considered as the case that most influenced and contributed to the nineteenth century's neuropsychiatric discussion on the mind-brain relationship and brain topography. It was perhaps the first case to suggest the role of brain areas in determining personality and which specific parts of the brain, when affected, can induce specific mental changes. In addition, his case contributed to the emergence of the scientific approaches that would later culminate in psychosurgery. Gage is a fixed element in the studies of neurology, psychology, and neuroscience, having been solidified as one of the greatest medical curiosities of all time, deserving its prominence.
菲尼亚斯·盖奇的病例是医学传奇故事中不可或缺的一部分。他的事故至今仍令人惊讶和好奇，堪称对19世纪关于心脑关系和脑局部解剖学的神经精神病学讨论影响最大、贡献最多的病例。这可能是首个表明脑区在决定人格方面所起作用的病例，以及大脑哪些特定部位受到影响时会引发特定心理变化的病例。此外，他的病例推动了后来发展为精神外科手术的科学方法的出现。盖奇是神经学、心理学和神经科学研究中的一个固定元素，已然巩固为有史以来最令人称奇的医学案例之一，实至名归。
