Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
Small. 2021 Jan;17(3):e2007244. doi: 10.1002/smll.202007244. Epub 2020 Dec 23.
Coherent manipulation of light-matter interactions is pivotal to the advancement of nanophotonics. Conventionally, the non-resonant optical Stark effect is harnessed for band engineering by intense laser pumping. However, this method is hindered by the transient Stark shifts and the high-energy laser pumping which, by itself, is precluded as a nanoscale optical source due to light diffraction. As an analog of photons in a laser, surface plasmons are uniquely positioned to coherently interact with matter through near-field coupling, thereby, providing a potential source of electric fields. Herein, the first demonstration of plasmonic Stark effect is reported and attributed to a newly uncovered energy-bending mechanism. As a complementary approach to the optical Stark effect, it is envisioned that the plasmonic Stark effect will advance fundamental understanding of coherent light-matter interactions and will also provide new opportunities for advanced optoelectronic tools, such as ultrafast all-optical switches and biological nanoprobes at lower light power levels.
相干地操控光物质相互作用对于纳米光子学的发展至关重要。传统上，强激光泵浦用于非共振光斯达克效应来进行能带工程。然而，这种方法受到瞬态斯达克位移和高能激光泵浦的限制，由于光的衍射，高能激光泵浦本身就被排除在纳米级光学源之外。作为激光中光子的类似物，表面等离激元通过近场耦合独特地与物质进行相干相互作用，从而提供了电场的潜在源。在此，首次报道了等离子体斯达克效应，并将其归因于新发现的能量弯曲机制。作为光斯达克效应的补充方法，预计等离子体斯达克效应将促进对相干光物质相互作用的基本理解，并且还将为先进的光电工具提供新的机会，例如在较低的光功率水平下的超快全光开关和生物纳米探针。
