University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
K. L. Maddy Equine Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
J Avian Med Surg. 2020 Dec;34(4):329-337. doi: 10.1647/1082-6742-34.4.329.
Because of concerns regarding potential adverse effects of meloxicam in pelicans reported by several zoos and wildlife rehabilitation facilities, this study was undertaken to determine the pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of meloxicam in brown pelicans (). A pilot study was performed with 6 apparently healthy wild adult brown pelicans of unknown sex during rehabilitation, administered a single oral dose of meloxicam at 0.2 mg/kg. Plasma drug concentrations were monitored for 24 hours but failed to capture the elimination phase of the drug. Consequently, a principal study monitored plasma concentrations for 120 hours. Six additional adult wild brown pelicans, 3 males and 3 females, approaching releasable condition in rehabilitation were split into 3 groups and each orally administered 0.2 mg/kg meloxicam. Blood samples were collected at baseline and at 4 additional time points that differed between groups. Plasma concentrations were measured with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The mean maximum plasma concentration was 1.22 µg/mL and was achieved at 24 hours after drug administration. The elimination half-life was 36.3 hours, the longest reported to date for any avian species. Further studies are needed to determine the pharmacokinetics of multiple doses of meloxicam and other routes of administration, as well as the pharmacodynamics and safety profile of meloxicam in brown pelicans. On the basis of the results of these investigations, caution is advised when dosing brown pelicans with meloxicam until more studies are completed. By extrapolation, close taxonomic relatives in the order Pelecaniformes may also warrant additional studies.
由于几家动物园和野生动物康复机构报告了有关短嘴鳄在鹈鹕中出现潜在不良反应的担忧，因此进行了这项研究，以确定棕鹈鹕单次口服美洛昔康的药代动力学（）。在康复期间，对 6 只显然健康的野生成年棕鹈鹕进行了一项初步研究，这些鹈鹕为未知性别，给予 0.2 毫克/千克的单次口服美洛昔康剂量。监测了 24 小时的血浆药物浓度，但未能捕捉到药物的消除阶段。因此，一项主要研究监测了 120 小时的血浆浓度。在康复过程中，另外 6 只接近可释放条件的成年野生棕鹈鹕，3 只雄性和 3 只雌性，分为 3 组，每组口服 0.2 毫克/千克美洛昔康。在基线和另外 4 个不同组别的时间点采集血液样本。用液相色谱-质谱法测量血浆浓度。平均最大血浆浓度为 1.22 µg/mL，在给药后 24 小时达到。消除半衰期为 36.3 小时，是迄今为止报道的任何鸟类物种中最长的半衰期。需要进一步研究以确定美洛昔康的多次剂量和其他给药途径的药代动力学，以及美洛昔康在棕鹈鹕中的药效学和安全性特征。基于这些研究的结果，在完成更多研究之前，在给棕鹈鹕使用美洛昔康时应谨慎。通过推断，在分类学上密切相关的鹳形目鸟类可能也需要进一步研究。
