Synergistic antiproliferative effects of glucocorticoids and interferon-alpha on some lymphoid cell lines.

The Daudi B lymphoblastoid cell line was previously demonstrated to be highly sensitive to the antiproliferative effect of recombinant interferon-alpha A (rIFN-alpha A). In the present study, glucocorticoid hormones were shown to act synergistically with rIFN-alpha A to further increase the sensitivity of Daudi cells to rIFN-alpha A. At 10(-6) M, dexamethasone, prednisolone, or hydrocortisone alone had little effect on Daudi cell growth, but they greatly potentiated the antiproliferative activity of rIFN-alpha A. The synergy between rIFN-alpha A and glucocorticoids on Daudi cells was not related to the inhibitory effects of glucocorticoids on prostaglandin or leukotriene synthesis, since no synergy was observed between rIFN-alpha A and indomethacin or nordihydroguaiaretic acid. Glucocorticoids and rIFN-alpha A also had appreciable synergistic antiproliferative effects on two out of five other IFN-sensitive lymphoid cell lines. When Raji B lymphoblastoid cells, which were quite resistant to the antiproliferative effect of rIFN-alpha A, were treated with the combination of glucocorticoids and rIFN-alpha A, no significant synergistic effects were observed. The synergistic antiproliferative effects of glucocorticoids and rIFN-alpha A observed with some IFN-sensitive lymphoid cell lines in this in vitro study may have clinical relevance in the treatment of certain lymphoid malignancies that are sensitive to rIFN-alpha A therapy.