Clinical Research, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(11):3116-3123. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1863905. Epub 2020 Dec 25.
Inconsistencies exist with regard to the influence of omega-3 supplementation on 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels, which could be attributed to many factors, such as the duration and dose of omega-3 supplementation, and individuals' baseline 25(OH)D levels. Therefore, to address the inconsistencies, we conducted a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to accurately determine the effect of omega-3 supplementation on 25(OH)D levels in humans.
We performed a comprehensive literature search in Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Embase databases from inception up to January 2020. We included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We used weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) to assess the influence of omega-3 supplementation on serum 25(OH)D levels using the random-effects model.
Our pooled results of 10 RCTs demonstrated an overall significant increase in 25(OH)D levels following omega-3 intake (WMD = 3.77 ng/ml, 95% CI: 1.29, 6.25). In addition, 25(OH)D levels were significantly increased when the intervention duration lasted >8 weeks and when the baseline serum 25(OH)D level was ˂20 ng/ml. Moreover, omega-3 intake ≤1000 mg/day resulted in higher 25(OH)D levels compared to omega-3 intake >1000 mg/day.
In conclusion, omega-3 supplementation increased 25(OH)D concentrations, particularly with dosages ≤1000 mg/day and intervention durations >8 weeks.
ω-3 补充剂对 25-羟维生素 D（25（OH）D）水平的影响存在不一致，这可能归因于许多因素，如 ω-3 补充剂的持续时间和剂量，以及个体的基线 25（OH）D 水平。因此，为了解决这些不一致，我们进行了系统评价和剂量反应荟萃分析，以准确确定 ω-3 补充剂对人类 25（OH）D 水平的影响。
我们在 Web of Science、PubMed/Medline、Scopus 和 Embase 数据库中进行了全面的文献检索，检索时间从建库开始到 2020 年 1 月。我们仅纳入了随机对照试验（RCTs）。我们使用加权均数差（WMD）和 95%置信区间（CI），采用随机效应模型评估 ω-3 补充对血清 25（OH）D 水平的影响。
我们纳入的 10 项 RCT 的汇总结果表明，ω-3 摄入后 25（OH）D 水平总体显著升高（WMD=3.77ng/ml，95%CI：1.29，6.25）。此外，干预持续时间>8 周和基线血清 25（OH）D 水平<20ng/ml 时，25（OH）D 水平显著升高。此外，与 ω-3 摄入量>1000mg/天相比，ω-3 摄入量≤1000mg/天导致 25（OH）D 水平升高。
总之，ω-3 补充剂增加了 25（OH）D 浓度，尤其是剂量≤1000mg/天和干预持续时间>8 周时。
