Yu Jing, Di Siyuan, Yu Hao, Ning Tao, Yang Hucheng, Zhu Shukui
State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China.
State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China.
J Chromatogr A. 2021 Jan 25;1637:461822. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461822. Epub 2020 Dec 16.
Sample preparation is one of the most crucial steps in analytical processes. Commonly used methods, including solid-phase extraction, dispersive solid-phase extraction, dispersive magnetic solid-phase extraction, and solid-phase microextraction, greatly depend on the extraction materials. In recent decades, a vast number of materials have been studied and used in sample preparation for chromatography. Due to the unique structural properties, extraction materials significantly improve the performance of extraction devices. Endowing extraction materials with suitable structural properties can shorten the pretreatment process and improve the extraction efficiency and selectivity. To understand the structure-performance relationships of extraction materials, this review systematically summarizes the structural properties, including the pore size, pore shape, pore volume, accessibility of active sites, specific surface area, functional groups and physicochemical properties. The mechanisms by which the structural properties influence the extraction performance are also elucidated in detail. Finally, three principles for the design and synthesis of extraction materials are summarized. This review can provide systematic guidelines for synthesizing extraction materials and preparing extraction devices.
样品制备是分析过程中最关键的步骤之一。常用方法，包括固相萃取、分散固相萃取、分散磁性固相萃取和固相微萃取，在很大程度上取决于萃取材料。近几十年来，大量材料已被研究并用于色谱分析的样品制备。由于具有独特的结构特性，萃取材料显著提高了萃取装置的性能。赋予萃取材料合适的结构特性可以缩短预处理过程，提高萃取效率和选择性。为了理解萃取材料的结构-性能关系，本综述系统地总结了其结构特性，包括孔径、孔形状、孔体积、活性位点可及性、比表面积、官能团和物理化学性质。还详细阐明了结构特性影响萃取性能的机制。最后，总结了萃取材料设计和合成的三个原则。本综述可为萃取材料的合成和萃取装置的制备提供系统指导。
