Tikhenko Natalia, Alqudah Ahmad M, Borisjuk Lioudmilla, Ortleb Stefan, Rutten Twan, Wu DanDan, Nagel Manuela, Himmelbach Axel, Mascher Martin, Röder Marion S, Ganal Martin W, Sehmisch Stefanie, Houben Andreas, Börner Andreas
Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res (IPK), OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr 3, D-06466, Seeland, Germany.
Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina 3, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
Commun Biol. 2020 Dec 23;3(1):791. doi: 10.1038/s42003-020-01509-9.
Hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a natural allopolyploid and provides a usable model system to better understand the genetic mechanisms that underlie allopolyploid speciation through the hybrid genome doubling. Here we aimed to identify the contribution of chromosome 1D in the development and evolution of hexaploid wheat. We identified and mapped a novel DEFECTIVE ENDOSPERM-D1 (Dee-D1) locus on 1DL that is involved in the genetic control of endosperm development. The absence of Dee-D1 leads to non-viable grains in distant crosses and alters grain shape, which negatively affects grain number and thousand-grain weight. Dee-D1 can be classified as speciation locus with a positive effect on the function of genes which are involved in endosperm development in hybrid genomes. The presence of Dee-D1 is necessary for the normal development of endosperm, and thus play an important role in the evolution and improvement of grain yield in hexaploid wheat.
六倍体小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）是一种天然的异源多倍体，为更好地理解通过杂种基因组加倍实现异源多倍体物种形成的遗传机制提供了一个可用的模型系统。在这里，我们旨在确定1D染色体在六倍体小麦发育和进化中的作用。我们在1DL上鉴定并定位了一个新的胚乳缺陷-D1（Dee-D1）位点，该位点参与胚乳发育的遗传控制。Dee-D1的缺失会导致远缘杂交中籽粒无法存活，并改变籽粒形状，这对粒数和千粒重产生负面影响。Dee-D1可被归类为物种形成位点，对杂种基因组中参与胚乳发育的基因功能具有积极影响。Dee-D1的存在是胚乳正常发育所必需的，因此在六倍体小麦籽粒产量的进化和改良中发挥着重要作用。
