Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
J Med Virol. 2021 Jun;93(6):3730-3737. doi: 10.1002/jmv.26759. Epub 2020 Dec 30.
Female sex workers (FSWs) represent a high vulnerability group for the acquisition of sexual and parenteral infections such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of serological markers and risk factors associated with exposure to HBV and HCV among FSWs in the state of Pará, Brazil. A cross-sectional study using principles of the time location sampling (TLS) method was conducted in four cities (Belém, Bragança, Barcarena, and Augusto Corrêa) of the state of Pará, from 2005 to 2006. In total, 365 FSWs were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire. Blood samples were collected and tested for serological markers of exposure to HBV and HCV using an enzyme immunoassay. The overall prevalence of exposure to HBV and HCV was 36.7% and 7.7%, respectively. The prevalence of surface antigen of HBV was 3.0%. The prevalence of anti-HBc and anti-HBc+ anti-HBs antibodies were 6.3% and 27.4%. Very few (4.7%) FSWs had vaccine immunity against HBV (anti-HBs antibodies only). The prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies was 7.7%. Low monthly income, drug usage, and unprotected sex were some of the social characteristics associated with exposure to the viruses using different analysis. The seroprevalence of HBV and HCV infections among FSWs in four cities of the state of Pará is high when compared to the general population of Brazil, but similar to those found in FSWs in other nondeveloped countries. The prevalence of HBV was higher in Belém, while the prevalence of HCV was higher in the other three cities, highlighting the importance of establishing control and prevention programs to reduce the risk of acquiring these viruses in Pará.
性工作者（FSW）是感染乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）等性传播和血源感染的高风险群体。本研究旨在确定巴西帕拉州性工作者中与 HBV 和 HCV 暴露相关的血清标志物流行率和危险因素。2005 年至 2006 年期间，在帕拉州的四个城市（贝伦、布拉干萨、巴卡拉纳和奥古斯托·科雷亚）采用时间地点抽样（TLS）方法进行了一项横断面研究。共对 365 名性工作者进行了访谈，使用标准化问卷。采集血样，采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测 HBV 和 HCV 血清标志物。HBV 和 HCV 暴露的总流行率分别为 36.7%和 7.7%。HBV 表面抗原的流行率为 3.0%。抗 HBc 和抗 HBc+抗 HBs 抗体的流行率分别为 6.3%和 27.4%。只有极少数（4.7%）的性工作者具有针对 HBV 的疫苗免疫力（仅抗 HBs 抗体）。抗 HCV 抗体的流行率为 7.7%。低月收入、吸毒和无保护性行为是与病毒暴露相关的一些社会特征，不同分析方法的结果不同。与巴西一般人群相比，帕拉州四个城市的性工作者 HBV 和 HCV 感染的血清流行率较高，但与其他欠发达国家的性工作者相似。贝伦的 HBV 流行率较高，而另外三个城市的 HCV 流行率较高，这突出了在帕拉州建立控制和预防计划以降低感染这些病毒的风险的重要性。
