Pinto Félix P D, Ferreira Orlando C, Olmedo Daniele B, Precioso Patrícia M, Barquette Fernanda R S, Castilho Magda C, Silva Suely G C, Pôrto Luís Cristóvão
Master Program in Health, Laboratory Medicine and Forensic Technology.
Molecular Virology Laboratory, Biology Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Ann Hepatol. 2015 Nov-Dec;14(6):815-25. doi: 10.5604/16652681.1171756.
Epidemics of hepatitis B and C are a public health burden, and their prevalence in Brazil varies among regions. We determined the prevalence of hepatitis markers in an urban university population in order to support the development of a comprehensive program for HBV immunization and HBV/HCV diagnosis. Students, employees, and visitors (n = 2,936, 31 years IQR 24.5-50, female = 69.0% and 81.1% with at least 12 years of education) were enrolled from May to November 2013. Antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs), against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were detected with enzyme immunoassays and anti-hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) antibodies with a chemiluminescence immunoassay. The results were confirmed with polymerase chain reaction for HCV and nucleic acid amplification test for hepatitis B virus (HBV).
The overall prevalence of markers among the participants was 0.136% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.003-0.270) for HBsAg, 6.44% (95% CI: 5.55-7.33%) for anti-HBc, 50.8% (95% CI: 48.9-52.7%) for anti-HBs > 10 mIU/mL, and 0.44% (95% CI: 0.20-0.68) for anti-HCV. Almost 30.4% had anti-HBs titers > 100 mIU/mL. Participants with a detectable HCV viral load (n = 9) were infected with genotype 1a.
In an urban university population, in which 80% of participants had > 11 years of education, prevalence increased with age, and self-declared ethnicity for anti-HBc and with age, marital status and professional activity for anti-HCV antibodies. A periodical offer of HCV rapid testing should be implemented, and HBsAg rapid testing should be offered to individuals above 20 years of age.
乙型和丙型肝炎的流行是一项公共卫生负担，其在巴西各地区的患病率有所不同。我们测定了城市大学人群中肝炎标志物的患病率，以支持制定一项关于乙肝疫苗接种及乙肝/丙肝诊断的综合计划。2013年5月至11月，招募了学生、员工和访客（n = 2936人，年龄中位数31岁，四分位距24.5 - 50岁，女性占69.0%，至少接受过12年教育的占81.1%）。采用酶免疫法检测抗乙型肝炎表面抗原（抗-HBs）、抗乙型肝炎核心抗原（抗-HBc）和乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg），采用化学发光免疫分析法检测抗丙型肝炎病毒（抗-HCV）抗体。结果通过丙型肝炎病毒聚合酶链反应和乙型肝炎病毒核酸扩增试验进行确认。
参与者中HBsAg的总体患病率为0.136%（95%置信区间[CI]：0.003 - 0.270），抗-HBc为6.44%（95% CI：5.55 - 7.33%），抗-HBs > 10 mIU/mL为50.8%（95% CI：48.9 - 52.7%），抗-HCV为0.44%（95% CI：0.20 - 0.68）。近30.4%的人抗-HBs滴度> 100 mIU/mL。检测到丙型肝炎病毒载量的参与者（n = 9）感染的是1a基因型。
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