Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Science, Aksum University, Axum, Ethiopia.
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2020 Dec 28;15(12):e0242352. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242352. eCollection 2020.
Job loss in patient with chronic illness like schizophrenia is the most serious public concern in the clinical and socio-economic terms worldwide. Patients with schizophrenia usually have unsatisfactory job termination like quitting or getting fired which results well-established negative outcomes. The complex interplay between one another has made job and mental illness the focus areas. In the developing nations, there is limited study on these areas in spite of higher rates of job loss.
This study aimed to assess the prevalence and correlates of job loss among schizophrenia outpatient units in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted at Saint Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital among schizophrenia outpatient units in Addis Ababa from May to June 2018. A total of 421 study subjects were interviewed using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and Perceived devaluation and discrimination scale. Out of the total study participants, female populations were slightly higher (50.4%) and the majorities (38.6%) were orthodox religion followers. Study characteristics was summarized using descriptive statistics and bi-variable and multivariable analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 24. Furthermore, those factors at p value ≤ 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.
The prevalence of job loss among patients with schizophrenia was 37.3%. Factors including unmarried [AOR = 2.42:95% CI (1.28, 4.54)], divorced [AOR = 2.34: 95% CI (1.16, 4.71)], severe positive symptoms [AOR = 2.03: 95% CI (1.15, 3.60)], severe general psychopathology [AOR = 1.76: 95% CI (1.01, 3.08)], and poor level of social and occupational functioning [AOR = 5.05: 95% CI (2.81, 9.09)] were significantly associated with job loss among schizophrenia people.
This study suggested that job loss among schizophrenia outpatients was high. There was significant association among people with unmarried, divorced, severe positive symptoms, poor functionality and higher general psychopathology. Therefore, clinical and psychosocial factors were responsible for job loss which warrant further attention and investigation.
在精神疾病患者（如精神分裂症）中，失业是全球临床和社会经济方面最严重的公众关注问题。精神分裂症患者通常会因辞职或被解雇而导致不满意的工作终止，从而产生既定的负面后果。这种相互之间的复杂关系使得工作和精神疾病成为关注的焦点。在发展中国家，尽管失业率较高，但对这些领域的研究却很有限。
本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴精神分裂症门诊患者的失业发生率及其相关因素。
本研究是 2018 年 5 月至 6 月在圣安曼纽尔精神专科医院进行的一项基于机构的横断面研究，在亚的斯亚贝巴的精神分裂症门诊患者中进行。共有 421 名研究对象接受了阳性和阴性症状量表和感知贬值与歧视量表的访谈。在总共的研究参与者中，女性略多（50.4%），大多数（38.6%）是东正教信徒。研究特征采用描述性统计进行总结，采用统计软件包 24 版进行单变量和多变量分析。此外，那些 p 值≤0.05 的因素被认为具有统计学意义。
精神分裂症患者的失业发生率为 37.3%。未婚（AOR=2.42：95%CI（1.28，4.54））、离婚（AOR=2.34：95%CI（1.16，4.71））、严重阳性症状（AOR=2.03：95%CI（1.15，3.60））、严重一般精神病理学（AOR=1.76：95%CI（1.01，3.08））和较差的社会和职业功能水平（AOR=5.05：95%CI（2.81，9.09））等因素与精神分裂症患者的失业显著相关。
本研究表明，精神分裂症门诊患者的失业率较高。未婚、离婚、严重阳性症状、功能较差和较高的一般精神病理学与失业显著相关。因此，临床和心理社会因素是导致失业的原因，值得进一步关注和调查。
