Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia,
Psychiatr Danub. 2020 Autumn-Winter;32(3-4):395-402. doi: 10.24869/psyd.2020.395.
Pathological narcissism has previously been investigated with regard to negative parenting and interpersonal forgiveness, but inconsistent findings have been obtained in relation to its two phenotypic forms - grandiosity and vulnerability. Moreover, the role of negative parenting in the lack of forgiveness within narcissistic pathology has not been explored thus far. The aim of the current research was to investigate the complex relations among pathological narcissism, negative parenting, and interpersonal forgiveness in psychiatric outpatients.
A sample of 250 adult psychiatric outpatients (61% female; mean age 39.15 years) were enrolled in this study. The participants filled out the Pathological Narcissism Inventory (PNI), the Tendency to Forgive Scale (TTF), the Measure of Parental Styles (MOPS), and the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales (DASS21).
Narcissistic grandiosity and narcissistic vulnerability were positively correlated with mothers' and fathers' negative parenting, but this association was significantly stronger in the case of narcissistic vulnerability. Only narcissistic vulnerability was related to interpersonal forgiveness. In the mediation analysis, negative parenting was not directly related to interpersonal forgiveness, however, this association became significant after introducing narcissistic vulnerability. Narcissistic vulnerability served as a full mediator of the mothers' and fathers' negative parenting - interpersonal forgiveness relationships.
Narcissistic vulnerability seems to be more strongly related to negative parenting and interpersonal forgiveness than narcissistic grandiosity, while it also represents one of the underlying mechanisms of the negative parenting - interpersonal forgiveness relationship. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed in relation to pathological narcissism and lack of forgiveness.
病理性自恋先前已经在负向养育和人际宽恕方面得到了研究，但在其两种表现形式——夸大和脆弱方面，得到的结果并不一致。此外，负向养育在病理性自恋中缺乏宽恕的作用迄今为止尚未得到探索。本研究旨在调查精神病门诊患者中的病理性自恋、负向养育和人际宽恕之间的复杂关系。
本研究纳入了 250 名成年精神病门诊患者（61%为女性；平均年龄 39.15 岁）。参与者填写了病理性自恋量表（PNI）、宽恕倾向量表（TTF）、父母养育方式量表（MOPS）和抑郁、焦虑和压力量表（DASS21）。
自恋型夸大和自恋型脆弱与父母的负向养育呈正相关，但自恋型脆弱的相关性更强。只有自恋型脆弱与人际宽恕有关。在中介分析中，负向养育与人际宽恕没有直接关系，但引入自恋型脆弱后，这种关系变得显著。自恋型脆弱是父母负向养育-人际宽恕关系的完全中介。
与自恋型夸大相比，自恋型脆弱似乎与负向养育和人际宽恕的关系更为密切，同时它也是负向养育-人际宽恕关系的潜在机制之一。这些发现的临床意义在病理性自恋和缺乏宽恕方面进行了讨论。
