Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-221005, India.
Curr Drug Targets. 2021;22(11):1232-1254. doi: 10.2174/1389450121666201228122845.
Coronaviruses are a group of known RNA virus which primarily infect the respiratory tract, and also neurological, enteric, and hepatic systems. Endemic outbreaks of Middle East Coronavirus Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) have been observed in recent decades. A new strain named the SARS CoV-2(- COVID-19) virus has now spread across the globe. SARS-CoV-2 is highly communicable and has culminated in a massive pandemic of COVID-19. Currently, no successful treatment is available. Therefore, an urgent need is there for new screening models that can aid in identifying the drugs with potential activity against COVID-19. The current review aims to discuss various in-silico, in- -vitro and in-vivo screening methods that can potentially be used to expedite the discovery of new active therapeutic candidates and vaccines, drug targets, and repurposing the commercially available drugs against COVID-19 for the effective management of the infection and thereby controlling this pandemic. Further, the current status of drugs and vaccines under clinical investigation has been summarized.
冠状病毒是一组已知的 RNA 病毒，主要感染呼吸道，也感染神经系统、肠道和肝脏系统。在过去几十年中，观察到中东冠状病毒呼吸综合征（MERS-CoV）和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）的地方性爆发。一种名为 SARS-CoV-2（-COVID-19）的新型病毒现已在全球范围内传播。SARS-CoV-2 具有高度传染性，最终导致 COVID-19 大规模大流行。目前，尚无有效的治疗方法。因此，迫切需要新的筛选模型，以帮助识别具有抗 COVID-19 活性的药物。本综述旨在讨论各种可能用于加速发现新的有效治疗候选药物和疫苗、药物靶点以及重新利用市售药物治疗 COVID-19 的计算机辅助筛选、体外和体内筛选方法，以有效管理感染并控制这种大流行。此外，还总结了目前处于临床研究阶段的药物和疫苗的现状。
