Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, School of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, School of Public Health and Safety.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2022 Apr;16(2):753-762. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2020.258. Epub 2020 Dec 29.
Infectious disasters have specific features which require special approaches and facilities. The main challenge is the rate of spread, and their ability to traverse the Earth in a short time. The preparedness of hospitals to face these events is therefore of the utmost importance. This study was designed to assess the preparedness of countries facing biological events worldwide. A qualitative systematic review was done from PubMed (National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD), Scopus (Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands), Web of Science (Thomson Reuters, New York, NY), ProQuest (Ann Arbor, MI), and Google Scholar (Google Inc, Mountain View, CA). Two journals were searched as key journals. The search period was from January 1, 2007 to December 30, 2018. Twenty-one (21) documents were selected including 7 (33%) from Asia, 7 (33%) from Europe, 4 (19%) from USA, 2 (10%) from Africa, and 1 (5%) multi-continental. Forty-six (46) common sub-themes were obtained and categorized into 13 themes (infection prevention control, risk perception, planning, essential support services, surveillance, laboratory, vulnerable groups, education and exercise and evaluation, human resource, clinical management of patients, risk communication, budget, and coordination). Not all articles discussed all the identified categories. There is an extended process required to reach complete preparedness for confronting biological events, including adequate and well-managed budget. Medical centers may have trouble dealing with such events, at least in some respects, but most developed countries seem to be more prepared in this regard.
传染病具有特定的特征，需要特殊的方法和设施。主要挑战是传播速度，以及它们在短时间内在地球上传播的能力。因此，医院为应对这些事件做好准备至关重要。本研究旨在评估全球面临生物事件的国家的准备情况。从 PubMed（美国国立医学图书馆，贝塞斯达，MD）、Scopus（爱思唯尔，阿姆斯特丹，荷兰）、Web of Science（汤姆森路透，纽约，NY）、ProQuest（安阿伯，MI）和 Google Scholar（谷歌公司，山景城，CA）进行了定性系统评价。搜索了两本重点期刊。搜索期为 2007 年 1 月 1 日至 2018 年 12 月 30 日。共选择了 21 份文件，其中 7 份（33%）来自亚洲，7 份（33%）来自欧洲，4 份（19%）来自美国，2 份（10%）来自非洲，1 份（5%）来自多洲。获得了 46 个共同的子主题，并分为 13 个主题（感染预防控制、风险感知、规划、基本支持服务、监测、实验室、弱势群体、教育和演习和评估、人力资源、患者的临床管理、风险沟通、预算和协调）。并非所有文章都讨论了所有确定的类别。要完全准备好应对生物事件，包括充足和管理良好的预算，还需要一个扩展的过程。医疗中心在处理此类事件时可能会遇到困难，至少在某些方面是如此，但大多数发达国家在这方面似乎准备得更充分。
