The Pew Charitable Trusts, 901 E Street NW, Washington, DC 20004, United States of America.
University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2021 Feb;121:108161. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2020.108161. Epub 2020 Oct 8.
Correctional facilities are among the highest-risk settings for the spread of COVID-19. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Hennepin County Jail in Minneapolis, Minnesota, offered short-term methadone maintenance, buprenorphine initiation and maintenance, and naltrexone initiation and maintenance to all jail residents with moderate to severe opioid use disorder (OUD). In response to the pandemic, the jail reduced its population by 43%. The reduced jail census and relaxed federal telemedicine regulations in response to the COVID-19 public health emergency declaration allowed the jail to institute modifications that permitted individuals to start buprenorphine without an initial in-person visit with a clinician. The jail also instituted a buprenorphine taper to bridge individuals to maintenance or provide withdrawal management, depending on patient preference. With a decreased jail census, the use of remote visits, and modifications to the buprenorphine treatment program, clinicians are able to meet the OUD treatment demand. Some jails may need additional funding streams to offset pandemic-related health treatment costs.
惩教设施是 COVID-19 传播的高风险场所之一。在 COVID-19 大流行之前,明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯市亨内平县监狱为所有中度至重度阿片类药物使用障碍(OUD)的监狱居民提供短期美沙酮维持治疗、丁丙诺啡起始和维持治疗以及纳曲酮起始和维持治疗。为应对大流行,监狱将其人口减少了 43%。监狱人口减少和为应对 COVID-19 公共卫生紧急声明而放宽的联邦远程医疗法规允许监狱进行修改,允许个人在没有与临床医生初次面对面就诊的情况下开始丁丙诺啡治疗。监狱还实施了丁丙诺啡减量,根据患者的偏好将其转为维持治疗或提供戒断管理。随着监狱人口的减少、远程探视的使用以及丁丙诺啡治疗方案的修改,临床医生能够满足 OUD 治疗需求。一些监狱可能需要额外的资金来源来弥补与大流行相关的健康治疗费用。