雌二醇在创伤性脑损伤中的作用：机制与治疗潜力。
The Role of Estradiol in Traumatic Brain Injury: Mechanism and Treatment Potential.
机构信息
Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Center for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary.
Department of Biophysics, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary.
出版信息
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 22;22(1):11. doi: 10.3390/ijms22010011.
Patients surviving traumatic brain injury (TBI) face numerous neurological and neuropsychological problems significantly affecting their quality of life. Extensive studies over the past decades have investigated pharmacological treatment options in different animal models, targeting various pathological consequences of TBI. Sex and gender are known to influence the outcome of TBI in animal models and in patients, respectively. Apart from its well-known effects on reproduction, 17β-estradiol (E2) has a neuroprotective role in brain injury. Hence, in this review, we focus on the effect of E2 in TBI in humans and animals. First, we discuss the clinical classification and pathomechanism of TBI, the research in animal models, and the neuroprotective role of E2. Based on the results of animal studies and clinical trials, we discuss possible E2 targets from early to late events in the pathomechanism of TBI, including neuroinflammation and possible disturbances of the endocrine system. Finally, the potential relevance of selective estrogenic compounds in the treatment of TBI will be discussed.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）幸存者面临许多神经和神经心理学问题，严重影响其生活质量。在过去几十年中，广泛的研究已经在不同的动物模型中研究了药物治疗选择，针对 TBI 的各种病理后果。性别已知会分别影响动物模型和患者 TBI 的结果。除了其对生殖的众所周知的影响外，17β-雌二醇（E2）在脑损伤中有神经保护作用。因此，在本综述中，我们重点关注 E2 在人类和动物 TBI 中的作用。首先，我们讨论了 TBI 的临床分类和发病机制、动物模型中的研究以及 E2 的神经保护作用。基于动物研究和临床试验的结果，我们从 TBI 发病机制的早期到晚期事件讨论了可能的 E2 靶点，包括神经炎症和内分泌系统可能的紊乱。最后，将讨论选择性雌激素化合物在 TBI 治疗中的潜在相关性。
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