Køster Brian, Nielsen Mia N, Vester Karina Kreipke, Dalum Peter
Department of Prevention and Information, Danish Cancer Society, Denmark.
Roskilde University Center, Roskilde, Denmark.
PLoS One. 2020 Dec 31;15(12):e0244597. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244597. eCollection 2020.
In Denmark, 16,500 cases of melanoma and keratinocyte cancers were registered in 2015, of which 90% could have been avoided by behavioral changes. We aimed to test novel interventions in a randomized design. The interventions targeted Danes going on vacation to high UVI destinations aiming to decrease sunburn by increasing use of sun protection to prevent skin cancer in the Danish population.
We report a randomized behavioral intervention during May-Dec 2018 with 1548 Danish adults on vacation in 2018 for a period of 1-3 weeks. The study population was population-based and aged 18-65 years. We tested two protection routines against minimal intervention control group (2-by2-factorial design): 1) Avoidance of the sun during peak hours and shade, use of the UV-index and planning of indoor/outdoor activity respectively and, 2) Coverage by increasing use of the hat advice and increasing sunscreen amount by application routine. Outcome was use of protection and sunburn.
There were no differences in sunburn prevalence between intervention and control groups. Protection routine 1 and 2 both increased the overall protection score compared to non-users. Protection routine 1 increased the reported use of shade and decreased time exposed in the sun. Protection routine 2 increased the use of hat and sunscreen amount.
Simple measures can help avoid the majority of one of the most widespread cancers worldwide. Vacations to high UVI destinations is a major influence on the annual Danish UV-exposure. We influenced travelers to protect themselves better and to increase sun protection behavior.
2015年丹麦登记了16500例黑色素瘤和角质形成细胞癌病例，其中90%可通过行为改变避免。我们旨在通过随机设计测试新型干预措施。这些干预措施针对前往高紫外线指数目的地度假的丹麦人，旨在通过增加防晒措施的使用来减少晒伤，以预防丹麦人群中的皮肤癌。
我们报告了一项在2018年5月至12月期间对1548名在2018年度假1至3周的丹麦成年人进行的随机行为干预。研究人群以人群为基础，年龄在18至65岁之间。我们针对最小干预对照组测试了两种防护方案（2×2析因设计）：1）在高峰时段避免阳光直射并寻找阴凉处，使用紫外线指数并分别规划室内/室外活动，以及2）通过增加帽子建议的使用和按涂抹常规增加防晒霜用量来进行覆盖。结果是防护措施的使用情况和晒伤情况。
干预组和对照组之间的晒伤患病率没有差异。与未使用者相比，防护方案1和2均提高了总体防护得分。防护方案1增加了报告的寻找阴凉处的行为，并减少了在阳光下暴露的时间。防护方案2增加了帽子的使用和防晒霜的用量。
简单的措施有助于避免全球最常见癌症之一的大部分病例。前往高紫外线指数目的地度假对丹麦人年度紫外线暴露有重大影响。我们促使旅行者更好地保护自己并增加防晒行为。
