College of Nursing-West Nebraska Division, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 1601 East 27th Street, Scottsbluff, NE, 69361, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 1004 East Hall, 530 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Eat Weight Disord. 2021 Oct;26(7):2393-2399. doi: 10.1007/s40519-020-01077-1. Epub 2021 Jan 3.
Understanding the complexities of obesity is important for developing effective interventions. Evidence is growing that addictive-like tendencies toward foods may contribute to obesity in some individuals. The Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS, YFAS 2.0) was developed to identify individuals with addictive-like eating behaviors. Diagnosing food addiction (FA) requires meeting a symptom threshold plus clinically significant impairment/distress (self-perceived), but the utility of the impairment/distress criteria remains controversial. This secondary analysis compared individuals who did not meet the FA symptom criteria, met the symptom, but not the impairment/distress criteria, and met both criteria.
This secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled pilot study involving 83 adults with overweight/obesity used descriptive statistics and Univariate ANOVAS to compare YFAS 2.0 and Weight and Lifestyle Inventory responses among the groups.
Twenty-eight individuals did not meet the FA symptom criteria, 20 met the symptom, but not the impairment/distress criteria, and 35 met both criteria. Of the latter, 80.0% had severe, 8.6% had moderate, and 11.4% had mild FA. Age at onset of overweight was lower with severe than with mild FA (p = 0.023).
The YFAS 2.0 identified a distinct group with severe FA and a group who met the FA symptom threshold, but not the impairment/distress criteria. Few participants perceived impairment/distress unless they endorsed ≥ 6 symptoms. Adding clinical interviews may aid in assessing impairment/distress and addictive-like eating behaviors, particularly in those meeting the FA symptom, but not the impairment/distress criteria. Better characterization of these groups may help targeting obesity interventions.
NCT03431831, 1/30/2018.
Level III, case-control analytic study.
了解肥胖的复杂性对于开发有效的干预措施很重要。有证据表明,某些人可能会对食物产生类似于上瘾的倾向,从而导致肥胖。耶鲁食物成瘾量表(YFAS,YFAS2.0)的开发目的是识别具有类似成瘾行为的个体。诊断食物成瘾(FA)需要满足症状阈值加上临床显著的损伤/困扰(自我感知),但损伤/困扰标准的实用性仍存在争议。这项二次分析比较了不符合 FA 症状标准、符合症状但不符合损伤/困扰标准以及同时符合两个标准的个体。
这项对涉及 83 名超重/肥胖成年人的随机对照试验的二次数据分析使用描述性统计和单因素方差分析来比较 YFAS2.0 和体重和生活方式清单在各组之间的反应。
28 名个体不符合 FA 症状标准,20 名个体符合症状但不符合损伤/困扰标准,35 名个体符合两个标准。在后者中,80.0%的人患有严重 FA,8.6%的人患有中度 FA,11.4%的人患有轻度 FA。超重的发病年龄在严重 FA 中低于轻度 FA(p=0.023)。
YFAS2.0 确定了一个具有严重 FA 的独特群体和一个符合 FA 症状阈值但不符合损伤/困扰标准的群体。只有在符合≥6 个症状时,少数参与者才会感到损伤/困扰。添加临床访谈可能有助于评估损伤/困扰和类似成瘾的进食行为,尤其是在符合 FA 症状但不符合损伤/困扰标准的个体中。更好地描述这些群体可能有助于针对肥胖干预措施。
NCT03431831,2018 年 1 月 30 日。
三级,病例对照分析研究。