Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Environ Geochem Health. 2021 May;43(5):2065-2080. doi: 10.1007/s10653-020-00784-z. Epub 2021 Jan 3.
This paper attempts to evaluate the mineralogical and chemical composition of sedimentary limestone mine waste alongside its mineral carbonation potential. The limestone mine wastes were recovered as the waste materials after mining and crushing processes and were analyzed for mineral, major and trace metal elements. The major mineral composition discovered was calcite (CaCO) and dolomite [CaMg(CO)], alongside other minerals such as bustamite [(Ca,Mn)SiO] and akermanite (CaMgSiO). Calcium oxide constituted the greatest composition of major oxide components of between 72 and 82%. The presence of CaO facilitated the transformation of carbon dioxide into carbonate form, suggesting potential mineral carbonation of the mine waste material. Geochemical assessment indicated that mean metal(loid) concentrations were found in the order of Al > Fe > Sr > Pb > Mn > Zn > As > Cd > Cu > Ni > Cr > Co in which Cd, Pb and As exceeded some regulatory guideline values. Ecological risk assessment demonstrated that the mine wastes were majorly influenced by Cd as being classified having moderate risk. Geochemical indices depicted that Cd was moderately accumulated and highly enriched in some of the mine waste deposited areas. In conclusion, the limestone mine waste material has the potential for sequestering CO; however, the presence of some trace metals could be another important aspect that needs to be considered. Therefore, it has been shown that limestone mine waste can be regarded as a valuable feedstock for mineral carbonation process. Despite this, the presence of metal(loid) elements should be of another concern to minimize potential ecological implication due to recovery of this waste material.
本文试图评估沉积石灰岩矿废物的矿物学和化学成分及其矿物碳化潜力。这些石灰岩矿废物是在采矿和粉碎过程后作为废物回收的，并对其矿物、主要和微量元素进行了分析。发现的主要矿物成分是方解石（CaCO3）和白云石[CaMg(CO3)2]，以及其他矿物，如 bustamite[(Ca,Mn)SiO3]和 akermanite(CaMgSiO3)。氧化钙构成了主要氧化物成分中最大的组成部分，在 72%至 82%之间。氧化钙的存在促进了二氧化碳向碳酸盐形式的转化，表明矿废物材料具有潜在的矿物碳化能力。地球化学评估表明，金属（类）元素的平均浓度顺序为 Al > Fe > Sr > Pb > Mn > Zn > As > Cd > Cu > Ni > Cr > Co，其中 Cd、Pb 和 As 超过了一些监管指导值。生态风险评估表明，矿废物主要受 Cd 影响，被归类为具有中度风险。地球化学指数表明，Cd 在一些矿废物沉积区被中度积累和高度富集。总之，石灰岩矿废物具有封存 CO2 的潜力；然而，一些痕量金属的存在可能是另一个需要考虑的重要方面。因此，已经表明，石灰岩矿废物可以被视为矿物碳化过程的有价值的原料。尽管如此，由于这种废物的回收，金属（类）元素的存在应该引起另一个关注，以最小化潜在的生态影响。
